CtMoC 


STEPHEN  ABBOT 


MANUAL 


OF 

Guard  Duty, 


UNITED  STATES  ARMY. 


Approved  January  7,  1893. 


NEW  YORK : 

D.  APPLETON  AND  COMPANY 
1898. 


War  Department, 
Washington , January  7 , 

The  Manual  of  Guard  Duty  prepared  by  the  board 
of  officers,  consisting  of  Maj.  John  C.  Gilmore,  As- 
sistant Adjutant  General,  Capt.  Edward  S.  Godfrey, 
Seventh  Cavalry,  and  First  Lieut.  John  T.  French, 
Jr.,  Fourth  Artillery,  is  approved  and  is  herewith 
published  for  the  government  of  the  Armies  of  the 
United  States. 

S.  B.  Elkins, 

Secretary  of  War. 


War  Department. 

Washington , D.  C . , June  17,  1895. 

To  insure  uniformity  of  practice  in  the  Manual  of 
Arms  with  the  rifle,  caliber  .30,  recently  adopted,  the 
following  modifications  in  the  Manual  of  Arms,  and 
of  the  Infantry  Drill  Regulations  otherwise,  and  in  the 
Manual  of  Guard  Duty,  to  conform  to  changes  made 
in  the  Manual  of  Arms,  or  deemed  advisable  in  con- 
nection therewith,  are  established  provisionally  and 
published  for  the  government  of  the  Army  pending  a 
complete  revision  of  the  Infantry  Drill  Regulations. 

Daniel  S.  Lamont, 

Secretary  of  War. 


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MANUAL  OF  GUARD  DUTY. 

Modifications  Ordered  June  17,  1895. 


“l 


V 


Carry,  2.  ARMS,”  wherever  they 
carry  ” and  insert  instead  the  word 


73.  Strike  out  the  words 
occur. 

75.  Strike  out  the  word  1 

“ ORDER.” 

t Sixth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry  ” and  insert  instead  the 
] words  “the  order.” 

fourth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry  ” and  insert  in- 
j stead  the  words  “ port  arms.” 

*8.  Third  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ and  carry.” 

<9.  Second  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “a  carry”  and  insert  in- 
stead the  words  “ the  order.” 

103  Third  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “a  carry”  and  insert  in- 
stead the  words  “ to  attention  if  not  already  at  attention.  ” 

•Eighth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ carry  and.” 

. Second  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry  and  ” and  insert 
i instead  the  word  ‘ ‘ the.  ’ ’ 

| *45.  Fourth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ comes  to  a carry.” 

146.  Fourth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry  or”  and  insert 
^instead  the  word  “ the.” 

174.  Fourth  line:  Strike  out  the  last  sentence. 

^Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry  ” in  the  second  line  and  insert 

"1  in  fha  omrantli  lir»n  i 


• I LU«  wurus  a carry  ' m tne  second  line  and  insert 

instead  the  words  ‘ right  shoulder  ” and  in  the  seventh  line  insert 
before  the  word  “ Both  ” the  words  “ At  the  command  Post  ” 


— ' — - wmmouu  xuau  (see 
carry  ’ ' and  insert  instead  the 


before  the  word  “Both  vi,&  wu±< 
par.  147),  and  strike  out  the  word 
words  “right  shoulder.” 

. Twelfth  line:  Strike  out  the  words 
the  words  “ the  right  shoulder.” 

Paragraph  242  and  other  paragraphs  containing  references  to  the 
, salute  by  sentinels  of  infantry,  or  cavalry  armed  with  the  carbine 
if  dismounted,  are  modified  to  conform  to  rules  as  follows: 

III 


‘ a carry  ” and  insert  instead 


o 


The  salute  by  sentinels  will  be  made  by  presenting  arms;  to  salute, 
the  sentinel  halts,  if  infantry,  brings  his  piece  to  right  shoulder 
arms,  if  not  already  there,  if  cavalry  with  carbines,  or  artillery 
with  rifle,  caliber  .45,  to  the  carry  and  faces  outward  as  the  person 
or  party  entitled  to  salute  arrives  within  about  thirty  paces. 

If  the  officer  approaches  along  the  post,  the  present  will  be  given 
when  the  officer  arrives  at  a distance  of  about  six  yards.  If  he 
passes  in  front  of  the  sentinel,  but  not  along  the  post,  he  is  saluted 
just  before  he  passes  the  sentinel’s  front.  If  he  cross  the  post,  he 
is  saluted  just  before  he  crosses. 

The  sentinel  will  remain  at  the  present  until  his  salute  is  re- 
turned, or  until  the  person  saluted  has  passed. 

If  the  officer  passes  in  rear  of  his  post  he  is  not  saluted,  but  the 
sentinel  stands  facing  outward  until  the  officer  has  passed. 

A sentinel  at  port  arms  engaged  in  conversation,  executes  pre 
sent  arms  directly  from  the  position  of  port  arms. 

A sentinel  in  a sentry  box  armed  with  a rifle  or  carbine  ('caliber 
.30),  upon  the  approach  of  an  officer  will  stand  at  an  order  and 
present  arms  therefrom  as  the  officer  passes. 

246.  Fourth  line:  Strike  out  the  words  “a  carry  ” and  insert  in- 
stead the  words  “ right  shoulder.” 

282.  Fourth  line  of  the  second  paragraph:  Strike  out  the  words 
44  a carry  ” and  insert  instead  the  words  4*  the  right  shoulder.” 

Fourth  line  from  end  of  page:  Strike  out  the  words  “ a carry” 
and  insert  instead  the  words  44  port  arms.” 

298.  The  rule  prescribing  the  rifle  salute  as  that  for  sentinels 
when  in  charge  of  prisoners  at  work,  is  modified  only  by  the  change 
in  the  manner  of  making  the  rifle  salute  by  such  sentinels. 

327.  This  paragraph  is  to  be  omitted. 

The  modifications  in  the  Manual  of  Guard  Duty  prescribed  in  con- 
nection with  the  modified  Manual  of  Arms  for  Infantry  will  apply 
in  general  to  cavalry  armed  with  the  carbine  if  dismounted,  and 
artillery  armed  with  the  Springfield  rifle,  caliber  .45,  in  so  far  as 
practicable,  consistently  with  the  present  Manual  of  Arms  for  the 
carbine  and  rifle,  caliber  .45,  respectively. 

The  modified  Manual  of  Arms,  and  the  modifications  in  connec- 
tion, of  the  Infantry  Drill  Regulations  and  of  the  Manual  of  Guard 
Duty,  apply  to  the  Battalion  of  Engineers  armed  with  the  rifle, 
caliber  .30,  and  will  apply  in  full  to  batteries  of  artillery,  now  pro- 
vided with  the  Springfield  rifle,  caliber  .45,  so  soon  as  they  shall  be 
furnished  with  the  magazine  rifle,  caliber  .30.  Commanding  offi- 
cers may  require  prior  use  of  the  modified  Manual  of  Arms  with 
the  rifle,  caliber  .45,  in  so  far  as  such  manual  is  applicable  therefor. 
IV 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Order  approving  Manual  of  Guard  Duty in 

Rosters 1 

Commanding  officer 9 

Officer  of  the  day 10 

Commander  of  the  guard 12 

Sergeant  of  the  guard 20 

Corporal  of  the  guard 24 

Musicians  of  the  guard 30 

Orderly  for  the  commanding  officer 31 

Privates  of  the  guard  33 

Orders  for  sentinels  on  post 34 

Orders  for  all  sentinels  except  those  at  the  post  of 

the  guard 37 

Orders  for  sentinels  at  the  post  of  the  guard. 40 

Compliments  from  sentinels. 41 

Compliments  from  guards 43 

Special  orders 44 

Color  line  and  sentinels 45 

Supernumeraries 46 

Prisoners 46 

Special  orders  for  sentinels  in  charge  of  prisoners..  52 
Guard  patrols 55 


v 


VI 


Contents. 


Page. 


Countersigns  and  paroles 56 

Miscellaneous 58 

Stable  sergeant  and  stable  orderly. . 60 

Troop  stable  guard 63 

Battery  stable  and  park  guard 67 

Police  and  fatigue  duty 67 

Articles  under  charge  of  the  guard 68 

Flags  and  colors 68 

Reveille  and  retreat  gun 70 


MANUAL  OF  GUARD  DUTY, 


ROSTERS. 

1 . A roster  is  a list  of  officers  or  men  for  duty,  with  a 
record  of  the  duty  performed  by  each.  Generally  details 
for  duty  are  made  so  that  the  one  longest  off  is  the  first 
for  detail.  Details  so  made  are  said  to  be  made  by  roster. 

2.  All  details  for  service,  in  garrison  and  in  the  field, 
shall  be  made  by  roster ; but  officers  or  enlisted  men, 
when  detailed,  must  serve  whether  a roster  be  kept  or 
not ; having  performed  the  service,  they  may  appeal  to 
superior  authority  if  they  deem  themselves  aggrieved. 
(A.  R.  399,  1889.) 

*3.  The  duties  performed  by  roster  are  of  two  classes  : 
The  first  class  comprises — 1st,  outposts ; 2d,  interior 
guards,  including  stable  guards;  3d,  detachments  to 
protect  laborers  on  military  works  ; 4th,  armed  working 
parties  on  such  works.  The  second  class  comprises  all 
other  duties  and  fatigues,  in  or  out  of  the  garrison  or 
camp. 

4.  The  rosters  are  distinct  for  each  class.  Officers  are 
named  on  them  in  the  order  of  rank.  The  details  are 
taken  in  succession,  according  to  the  roster,  beginning 
at  the  head.  (A.  R.  401,  1889.) 

5.  Lieutenant  colonels  and  majors  are  on  one  roster, 
and  may  be  detailed  when  the  importance  of  the  duty 
requires  it.  In  the  field  their  roster  is  kept  at  division 
and  brigade  headquarters.  Captains  form  one  roster, 
and  are  exempt  from  ordinary  fatigue  duties.  A captain 
commanding  a battalion  is  exempt  from  detail,  and  duty 

ID 


2 


ROSTERS. 


falling  to  him  passes.  Lieutenants  form  one  roster,  and 
first  and  second  lieutenants  are  entered  on  it  alternately. 
Sergeants,  corporals,  musicians,  and  privates  form  dis- 
tinct rosters. 

6.  Officers,  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates 
take  duties  of  the  first  class  in  the  order  stated,  viz. : The 
first  for  detail  takes  the  outposts  ; the  next  the  interior 
guards,  and  so  on.  In  those  of  the  second  class  the  senior 
officer  takes  the  largest  party.  The  party  first  for  detail 
takes  the  service  out  of  camp. 

7.  When  the  officer  whose  tour  it  is  is  not  present  nor 
available  at  the  hour  of  marching,  the  next  after  him 
takes  it.  When  an  outpost  has  passed  the  chain  of  sen- 
tinels, or  an  interior  guard  has  reached  its  post,  the 
officer  whose  tour  it  was  cannot  then  take  it,  unless  so 
ordered  by  the  commanding  officer,  but  succeeds  to  the 
tour  of  the  officer  who  has  taken  his. 

§.  Duties  of  the  first  class  are  credited  on  the  roster 
when  the  guards  or  detachments  have  passed  the  chain 
of  sentinels,  or  an  interior  guard  has  reached  its  pest ; 
other  duties,  when  the  parties  have  entered  upon  the 
performance  of  their  duties. 

9.  In  making  details  by  roster,  an  officer  or  enlisted 
man  is  each  day  charged  with  the  number  of  days  that 
he  has  remained  present  and  available  since  the  begin- 
ning of  his  last  tour.  Departures  from  this  rule  may  be 
authorized  by  the  commanding  officer  whenever  a strict 
application  would  allow  improper  advantage  or  work 
hardship. 

SO.  An  officer,  non-commissionea  officer  or  soldier  on 
duty  of  the  first  class,  or  who  is  next  for  detail  for  such 
duty,  is  available,  when  relieved,  for  the  duty  of  the 
second  class  that  has  fallen  to  him  during  that  time. 
(See  Par.  26.) 

11.  Soldiers  march  armed  and,  if  necessary,  fully 
equipped,  on  all  duties  of  the  first  class. 


ROSTERS. 


3 


1 2.  Light  batteries  serving  with  other  troops  will  fur- 
nish their  own  park  and  stable  guards,  police,  etc.  Both 
officers  and  men  will  be  exempt  from  other  details,  and 
the  men  will  not  be  detailed  for  extra  duty  in  the  staff 
departme  :its,  nor  for  duty  interfering  with  battery  duties, 
if  it  can  be  avoided. 

13.  When  a detachment  is  to  be  formed  from  the 
different  organizations  of  a command,  the  adjutant  or 
assistant  adjutant  general  assembles  its  contingent,  veri- 
fies the  details,  and  sends  it  to  the  place  of  assembly,  or 
turns  it  over  to  the  detachment  commander,  to  be  con- 
ducted to  its  post  of  duty. 

14.  As  far  as  the  exigencies  of  the  service  will  permit, 
detachments  for  armed  service  will  be  formed  by  taking- 
battalions,  companies,  platoons,  or  other  sub-divisions 
in  turn,  according  to  the  roster  for  such  detail.  (A.  R. 
411,  1889.) 

15.  In  the  field,  when  the  commanding  officer  deems 
it  advisable, a company  may  be  detailed  to  form  the  guard, 
the  captain  being  the  officer  of  the  day,  and  the  lieuten- 
ants officers  of  the  guard.  The  company  is  inspected  on 
its  own  parade  by  its  captain,  and  marched  to  the  post  of 
the  guard  by  the  senior  lieutenant.  (See  Drill  Regs., 
Cav.,  Pars.  1088  and  1091 ; Inf.,  Par.  746.) 

The  same  principle  may  be  made  to  apply  to  the  detail 
of  an  organization  or  sub-division  larger  or  smaller  than 
a company. 

16.  At  every  military  post,  and  in  every  regiment  or 
separate  command  in  the  field,  a post  or  camp  guard  will 
be  detailed  and  duly  mounted.  It  will  consist  of  such 
number  of  officers  and  enlisted  men  as  the  commanding 
officer  may  deem  necessary.  It  will  be  commanded  by 
the  senior  officer  or  non-commissioned  officer  on  duty 
therewith,  under  the  supervision  of  the  officer  of  the  day. 
(See  Par.  45.) 

17 . A brigade  in  camp  may  have  one  guard  for  its 
camp,  or  one  for  each  regiment  in  camp  ; the  latter  is 


4 


ROSTERS. 


preferable,  and  in  this  case  the  sentinels  between  the 
flanks  of  regiments  may  be  omitted,  or  but  one  sentinel 
be  posted. 

I§.  At  a post  where  headquarters  of  more  than  one 
regiment  are  stationed,  or  in  the  case  of  a snlall  brigade 
in  the  field,  if  but  one  guard  be  necessary  for  the  whole 
post  or  camp,  details  will  be  made  from  the  headquarters 
of  the  command,  as  follows  : For  officer  of  the  day  and 
officer  of  the  guard,  by  name,  and  for  non-commissioned 
officers,  musicians,  and  privates  from  each  regiment,  by 
number. 

The  adjutant,  sergeant  major  and  band  to  attend  guard 
mounting  will  also  be  designated. 

19.  The  following  are  the  usual  rosters  relative  to 
guard  duty : 

1.  Officers  of  the  day. 

2.  Officers  of  the  guard. 

3.  Sergeants  of  the  guard. 

4.  Corporals  of  the  guard. 

5.  Musicians  of  the  guard. 

6.  Privates  of  the  guard. 

The  first  two  are  kept  b}'  the  adjutant;  the  third, fourth, 
and  fifth  by  the  sergeant  major,  under  the  supervision  of 
the  adjutant,  or  by  the  first  sergeants  of  companies,  as 
directed  by  the  commanding  officer ; the  sixth  is  always 
kept  by  the  first  sergeants.  Captains  supervise  the  keep- 
ing of  the  company  rosters  by  their  first  sergeants,  and 
see  that  all  duties  performed  by  members  of  the  company 
are  duly  credited. 

20.  Captains  serve  on  the  first  roster,  lieutenants  serve 
on  the  second  roster,  and  may  also  be  placed  on  the  first 
roster,  at  the  discretion  of  the  commanding  officer. 

21.  An  officer  of  the  day  will  be  detailed  for  duty 
with  each  guard,  and  where  more  than  one  guard  is  re- 
quired in  a command  a field  officer  of  the  day  will  also 
be  detailed.  The  field  officer  of  the  day  receives  his 
orders  from  the  brigade  or  division  commander,  as  di- 


ROSTERS 


5 


rected  by  the  latter.  Captains  may,  when  necessary,  be 
placed  on  the  roster  for  field  officer  of  the  day. 

22.  The  detail  of  officers  of  the  guard  will  be  limited 
to  the  necessities  of  the  service  and  efficient  instruction; 
inexperienced  officers  may  be  detailed  as  supernumerary 
officers  of  the  guard  for  purposes  of  instruction. 

23.  Officers  serving  in  staff  departments  are,  at  the 
discretion  of  the  commanding  officer, exempt  from  guard 
duty. 

24.  The  details  for  officers  of  the  day  and  guard  are 
published  at  the  parade  next  preceding  the  commence- 
ment of  their  tour.  They  are  also  personally  notified  on 
the  day  before  their  tour,  by  a written  order,  when  prac- 
ticable. 

25.  Post  and  camp  guards  will  be  relieved  every 
twenty-four  hours. 

26.  Except  in  emergencies,  no  duty  will  be  required 
of  the  old  officer  of  the  day  or  the  old  guard  until  four 
hours  after  they  have  been  relieved. 

27.  Details  for  post  guards  will,  as  far  as  practicable, 
be  made  so  as  to  insure  privates  an  interval  of  not  less 
than  six  days  between  tours,  or  only  one  tour  in  seven 
days.  When  the  number  of  available  men  at  a post  is 
not  sufficient  to  fulfill  this  requirement,  extra  and  special 
duty  men  should  be  regularly  detailed  for  night  guard 
duty,  still  performing  their  usual  duties  in  the  daytime. 

Except  in  emergencies,  privates  will  not  be  detailed 
for  guard  duty  oftener  than  once  in  five  days.  When  nec- 
essary to  fulfill  this  requirement,  the  number  of  posts 
will  be  diminished  and  the  sentinels  required  to  patrol 
a sufficient  extent  of  ground  to  watch  over  all  public 
property. 

28.  The  men  for  post  or  camp  guard  are  usually  taken 
from  all  the  companies,  from  each  in  proportion  to  its 
strength. 

29.  When  details  for  post  or  camp  guard  are  made 
from  troops  or  batteries  that  also  furnish  their  own  stable 


6 


ROSTERS. 


or  stable  and  park  guards,  a credit  will  be  allowed  each 
for  the  number  of  enlisted  men  furnished  for  its  stable 
or  stable  and  park  guard,  as  though  they  had  been  de- 
tailed for  posxt  guard. 

30.  Special  details  for  herd  guard  will  be  credited  on 
the  roster  for  fatigue  duty. 

31.  The  stable  sergeant  and  stable  orderly  are  detailed 
on  special  duty,  for  such  periods  as  may  be  directed  by 
troop  commanders,  and  while  on  this  special  duty  are  not 
subject  to  detail  for  guard. 

3*2.  One  supernumerary  from  each  company  will  usu- 
ally be  detailed;  if  more  are  required,  the  commanding 
officer  fixes  the  number. 

33.  First  sergeants,  in  detailing  supernumeraries,  will 
take  the  men  next  on  the  roster  after  making  the  detail 
for  privates  of  the  guard. 

34.  Should  the  adjutant  be  notified  that  men  are  re- 
quired to  fill  vacancies  in  the  guard,  he  will  cause  the 
proper  number  of  supernumeraries  to  report  to  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard,  taking  them  from  those  companies 
that  have  furnished  less  than  their  proportionate  part  of 
the  guard.  A supernumerary  who  thus  goes  on  guard 
will  be  credited  on  the  company  roster  with  a tour  of 
guard  duty  the  same  as  though  he  had  been  detailed  as 
a private  of  the  guard. 

35.  At  first  sergeants’  call,  all  the  first  sergeants  re- 
pair to  headquarters  and  take  from  the  bulletin  board  all 
the  data  necessary  for  them  to  make  the  required  details 
from  their  respective  companies;  they  make  their  details 
accordingly  from  their  rosters. 

36.  When  practicable,  each  first  sergeant  publishes 
at  retreat  all  the  details  made  from  the  company.  He 
will  also  post  them  on  the  company  bulletin  board. 

37.  The  method  of  keeping  the  first  sergeants’  roster 
is  shown  in  the  model  duty  roster  issued  by  the  Adjutant 
General  of  the  Army. 


ROSTERS. 


7 


38.  The  sergeant  major,  under  the  supervision  of  the 
adjutant,  will  keep  a record  from  which  he  will  each  day 
determine  the  number  of  privates  required  for  guard 
duty  from  each  company.  This  record  is  kept  in  a blank 
book  ruled  conveniently  for  the  purpose. 

39.  If  non-commissioned  officers  and  musicians  are 
not  detailed  by  name  from  rosters  kept  by  the  sergeant 
major,  he  determines,  in  a similar  manner,  the  number 
of  each  to  be  detailed.  He  will  post  on  a bulletin  board 
in  his  office  all  data  required  by  the  first  sergeants  in 
making*  details  from  their  respective  companies,  giving 
the  names  of  those  detailed  by  name. 

40.  The  sergeant  major  determines  the  number  of 
privates  to  be  detailed  from  each  company  by  the  follow- 
ing rules:  Take  the  number  of  privates  for  duty  in  each 
company  from  its  morning  report  for  the  day  next  pre- 
ceding that  on  which  the  tour  of  duty  is  to  commence, 
deducting  details  for  detached  service  of  over  twenty- 
four  hours  made  after  the  morning  report  has  been  re- 
ceived; the  total  of  these  gives  the  total'number  of  pri- 
vates available.  Then:  The  total  strength  is  to  the 
strength  of  a company  as  the  total  detail  is  to  the  detail 
from  the  company.  Multiply  the  total  detail  by  the 
strength  of  the  company,  and  divide  the  result  by  total 
strength;  carryout  to  two  places  of  decimals,  disregard- 
ing all  smaller  fractions.  This  rule  is  applied  for  each 
company. 

The  whole  numbers  in  the  results  thus  obtained  are 
added  together,  and  if  the  total  is  less  than  the  total  de- 
tail required,  add  one  to  the  whole  number  in  the  result 
that  has  the  largest  fraction,  and  so  on  for  each  com- 
pany till  the  required  total  is  obtained. 

41.  There  will  thus  be  a difference  between  the  exact 
proportion  and  the  number  detailed  from  each  company; 
this  difference  is  carried  forward  to  the  next  day’s  pro- 
portion, to  be  added  if  a company  has  furnished  less,  or 


ROSTERS. 


to  be  subtracted  if  a company  has  furnished  more  than 
its  exact  proportion,  thus  : 

FIRST  DAY. 


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£ 

P 

5 

A 

25 

X 14  - 

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2.18 

2 

.18a 

B 

24 

X 14  - 

- 160 

2.10 

2 

.10a 

C 

30 

X 14  - 

- 160 

2.62 

1 

3 

.38s 

D 

22 

X-  14  - 

- ICO 

1.92 

1 

2 

.08s 

E 

22 

X 14  - 

- 160 

1.92 

1 

2 

.08s 

F (Cav.) 

37 

X 14  - 

- 160 

3.23 

*3 

.23s 

160 

11 

14 

* Troop  F furnishes  3 stable  guard  and  no  post  guard. 
SECOND  DAY. 


np  oS 

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pA 

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Strength. 

Detail,  inclu 
ing  3 for  si 
ble  guard. 

Total  strengl 

Proportion. 

D i f f e r e n < 
brought  fc 
ward. 

Total. 

Add. 

Detail. 

Difference. 

A 

27 

X 14  - 

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2.36 

.18a 

2.54 

2 

.54a 

B 

23 

X 11  - 

- 160 

2.01 

.10a 

2.11 

2 

.11a 

C 

28 

X 14  - 

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2.45 

.38s 

2.07 

2 

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D 

23 

X 14  - 

- 160 

2.01 

.C8s 

1.93 

1 

2 

.ors 

E 

21 

X 14  - 

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1.83 

.08s 

1.75 

1 

2 

.25s 

F (Cav.) 

38 

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3. 32 

.23a 

3.55 

1 

*4 

.45s 

11 

11 

* Troop  F furnishes  3 stable  guard  and  1 post  guard. 


THE  COMMANDING  OFFICER. 


9 


THE  COMMANDING  OFFICER. 

42.  The  commanding*  officer  will  exact  a faithful,  cor- 
rect, and  vigilant  performance  of  guard  duty  in  all  its 
details,  giving  his  orders  to  the  officer  of  the  day,  or 
causing  them  to  be  communicated  to  him  with  the  least 
practicable  delay.  He  prescribes  the  strength  of  the 
guard,  the  positions  of  the  color  line  and  guard  tents, 
the  number  and  location  of  the  posts  of  sentinels,  the 
necessary  regulations  for  police  and  fatigue  duties,  the 
uniform  and  equipment  of  the  guard,  and  the  hours  of 
sounding  calls  ; causes  a list  of  calls  to  be  furnished  the 
commander  of  the  guard ; designates  the  hour  for  chal- 
lenging to  begin,  otherwise  challenging  begins  at  retreat; 
causes  the  guard  to  be  relieved  every  twenty-four  hours 
when  in  camp  or  garrison;  gives  the  special  instructions 
which  the  duties  of  the  guard  and  sentinels  require ; 
causes  the  necessary  copies  of  orders  for  sentinels  to  be 
furnished  the  commander  of  the  guard  (see  Par.  86);  re- 
ceives the  reports  of  the  officers  of  the  day  immediately 
after  guard  mounting,  at  his  office  or  at  some  place  pre- 
viously designated;  carefully  examines  the  guard  report 
and  the  remarks  made  thereon  (questioning  the  old  offi- 
cer of  the  day,  if  necessary,  concerning  his  tour  of  duty); 
relieves  the  old  officer  of  the  day,  and  gives  the  new  offi- 
cer of  the  day  such  instructions  as  may  be  necessary. 

43.  In  the  case  of  a small  command,  requiring  modi- 
fications of  the  form  prescribed  for  guard  mounting,  he 
gives  the  necessary  instructions  as  to  how  the  old  guard 
shall  be  relieved  and  a new  one  put  in  its  place. 

44.  He  will  see  that  sentinels  are  so  distributed  as  to 
require  the  least  possible  number  of  men  for  guard  con- 
sistent with  the  object  for  which  the  guard  is  maintained. 

45.  The  number  and  posts  of  sentinels  about  a regu- 
larly formed  camp  are  as  follows:  One  over  the  arms  of 
the  guard;  one  at  the  commanding  officer’s  tent;  and  as 


10 


OFFICER  OF  THE  DAY. 


many  on  the  front  rear,  and  flanks  as  may  be  necessary. 

No  sentinel  will  be  posted  so  distant  as  not’to  be  heard 
by  the  guard,  either  directly  or  through  other  sentinels. 

40.  When  necessary,  detached  posts  may  be  established 
outside  the  chain  of  sentinels.  These  posts  are  under 
the  orders  of  the  commander  of  the  camp  guard,  and  are 
visited  by  his  patrols. 

47,  If  necessary  or  expedient,  the  commanding  officer 
may  require  that  no  person  shall  pass  a sentinel’s  post 
unless  passed  b}^  an  officer  or  non-commissioned  officer 
of  the  guard;  he  should  also  prescribe  how  and  where 
soldiers  and  others  shall  enter  or  leave  the  post  or  camp. 

4§.  He  will  determine  whether  the  countersign  shall 
be  used  or  not,  and  if  he  requires  its  use  for  purposes  of 
instruction  may  authorize  sentinels  to  pass  persons  who 
have  not  the  countersign  after  they  have  been  duly 
recognized. 

OFFICER  OF  THE  DAY. 

49.  The  officer  of  the  day  is  responsible  for  the  proper 
performance  of  duty  by  the  guard  with  which  he  marches 
on  and  for  the  enforcement  of  all  police  regulations,  and 
is  charged  with  the  execution  of  all  orders  of  the  com- 
manding officer  relating  to  the  safety  and  good  order  of 
the  post  or  camp. 

His  actual  tour  of  duty  begins  when  he  receives  the 
report  of  the  adjutant  at  guard  mounting,  and  ceases 
when  he  has  been  relieved  by  the  commanding  officer. 

50.  In  the  absence  of  special  instructions  from  the 
commanding  officer,  the  officer  of  the  day  will  inspect 
the  guard  and  sentinels  during  the  day  and  night  at  such 
times  as  he  may  deem  necessary. 

51.  He  will  prescribe  patrols  and  visits  of  inspection 
to  be  made  by  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  of 
the  guard. 

52.  He  will  see  that  the  commander  of  the  guard  is 
furnished  with  the  parole  and  countersign  before  retreat, 


OFFICER  OF  THE  DAY. 


11 


and  will  inform  him  of  the  presence  in  the  post  or  camp 
of  any  person  entitled  to  compliment. 

53.  In  case  of  an  alarm  of  any  kind,  the  officer  of  the 
day  will  at  once  take  such  steps  as  may  be  necessary  to 
insure  the  safety  of  public  property  and  preserve  order 
in  the  command,  disposing  his  guard  so  as  best  to  ac- 
complish this  result. 

54.  The  officer  of  the  day,  in  the  performance  of  his 
duties  as  such,  is  subject  to  the  orders  of  the  command- 
ing officer  only,  except  that  in  case  of  an  alarm  of  any 
kind,  and  at  a time  of  great  danger,  the  senior  line 
officer  present  is  competent  to  give  necessary  orders  to 
the  officer  of  the  day  for  the  employment  of  the  portion 
of  his  guard  not  already  occupied  with  duties  prescribed 
in  this  manual  and  the  standing  orders  of  the  post  or 
camp. 

55.  At  the  inspections  and  musters  prescribed  in 
Army  Regulations,  the  officer  of  the  day  will  be  present 
at  the  post  of  the  guard,  but  all  commands  to  the  guard 
will  be  given  by  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

56.  The  new  officer  of  the  day  must  be  present  at 
guard  mounting  ; the  old  officer  of  the  day  also,  if  so 
directed  by  the  commanding  officer;  after  the  guard 

! has  passed  in  review,  or  marched  to  its  post,  they  pro- 
ceed to  the  guardhouse,  and  the  old  officer  of  the  day 
gives  the  new  officer  of  the  day  the  old  or  standing 
orders,  and  each,  placing  himself  at  a convenient  dis- 
tance from  and  facing  his  guard,  receives  the  salute. 

57.  Both  officers  of  the  day  together  verify  the  num- 
ber of  prisoners  and  inspect  the  guardhouse  and  premises. 

To  verify  the  number  of  prisoners  at  the  guardhouse, 
the  officers  of  the  day  take  post  in  front  of  and  facing 
the  old  guard.  The  new  officer  of  the  day,  from  the  list 
of  prisoners  on  the  report  of  the  commander  of  the  guard, 
calls  the  name  of  the  prisoners.  Each  prisoner,  as  his 
name  is  called,  answers  “ Here,"  steps  two  paces  to  the 
front  and  halts.  If  any  prisoners  are  out  at  work,  the 
2 


12 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


officers  of  the  day  verify  their  number  as  is  most  con- 
venient. 

58.  All  persons  under  guard,  without  written  charges 
(see  Pars,  99  and  280).  will  be  released  by  the  old  officer 
of  the  day  immediately  after  verifying  the  number  of 
prisoners,  unless  specific  orders  to  the  contrary  have 
been  given  in  each  case  by  the  commanding  officer. 
He  will  at  the  same  time  release  all  prisoners  whose 
sentences  expire  on  that  day. 

59.  If  there  be  no  officer  of  the  guard,  the  new  officer 
of  the  day  will  receipt  to  the  old  officer  of  the  day  for 
the  articles  under  charge  of  the  guard.  (See  Par.  378.) 

60.  The  old  officer  of  the  day  enters  on  the  report  of 
the  commander  of  the  guard  such  remarks  concerning 
his  tour  of  duty  as  may  be  necessary,  and  signs  his 
name  thereto  as  officer  of  the  day  ; if  he  enters  no  re- 
marks, he  signs  his  name  as  officer  of  the  day  on  the 
face  ot‘  the  report. 

61.  The  officers  of  the  day  then  report  to  the  com- 
manding' officer. 

On  presenting  themselves,  both  salute  with  the  right 
hand,  remaining  covered.  The  old  officer  of  the  day, 
standing  on  the  right  of  the  new,  then  says  : “Sir,  / report 
as  old  officer  of  the  day,  ’ ’ and  presents  the  guard  report. 
As  soon  as  the  commanding  officer  notifies  the  old 
officer  of  the  day  that  he  is  relieved,  the  new  officer  of 
the  day  says,  “ Sir,  / report  as  new  officer  of  the  day,”  and 
then  receives  his  instructions. 

COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 

62.  The  senior  officer  or  non-commissioned  officer  of 
the  guard  is  commander  of  the  guard. 

63.  The  commander  of  the  guard  is  responsible  for 
the  instruction  and  discipline  of  the  guard.  He  will  see 
that  all  its  members  are  correctly  instructed  in  their 
orders  and  duties,  and  that  they  understand  and  properly 
perform  them. 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


13 


64.  He  receives  and  obeys  the  orders  of  the  com- 
manding- officer  and  the  officer  of  the  day,  and  reports 
to  the  latter  without  delay  all  orders  relating  to  the 
guard  not  given  or  transmitted  by  him  ; he  transmits  to 
his  successor  all  material  instructions  and  information 
relating  to  his  duties. 

65.  He  is  responsible  for  the  general  safety  of  the 
camp  as  soon  as  the  old  guard  marches  off  from  the 
guardhouse.  In  case  of  any  emergency  occurring  while 
both  guards  are  at  the  guardhouse,  the  senior  com- 
mander of  the  two  guards  will  be  responsible  that 
proper  action  is  taken. 

66.  Officers  of  the  guard  will  remain  constantly  with 
their  guards,  except  while  visiting  sentinels  or  necessa- 
rily engaged  elsewhere  in  the  performance  of  their 
duty.  The  commanding  officer  will  allow  a reasonable 
time  for  getting  meals. 

67.  A commander  of  a guard  leaving  his  post  for  any 
purpose  will  mention  his  destination  and  the  probable 
duration  of  his  absence  to  the  next  in  command. 

6§.  Except  in  emergencies,  the  commander  of  the 
guard  may  divide  the  night  with  the  next  in  command, 
but  retains  his  responsibility  ; the  one  whose  watch  it  is 
must  be  constantly  on  the  alert. 

69.  When  any  alarm  is  raised  in  a camp  or  garrison, 
the  guard  will  be  formed  immediately.  If  the  case  be 
serious,  the  proper  call  will  be  sounded,  and  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard  will  cause  the  commanding  officer 
and  the  officer  of  the  day  to  be  at  once  notified. 

70.  If  a sentinel  calls  : “ The  Guard,”  the  commander 
of  the  guard  will  at  once  send  a patrol  to  such  sentinel's 
post.  If  the  danger  be  great,  in  which  case  the  sentinel 
will  discharge  his  piece,  the  patrol  will  be  as  strong  as 
possible. 

71.  When  practicable,  there  should  always  be  an 
officer  or  non-commissioned  officer  and  at  least  two 
privates  of  ,the  guard  at  the  guardhouse,  in  addition  to 
the  sentinels  there  on  post. 


14 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


72.  The  commander  of  the  guard  will  see  that  the 
guard  is  formed  promptly,  and  under  arms,  when 
turned  out  for  any  purpose  whatever. 

73.  Between  reveille  and  retreat,  wdien  the  guard  has 
been  turned  out  for  any  person  entitled  thereto  (see  Par. 
252),  the  commander  of  the  guard,  if  an  officer,  will  re- 
ceive the  report  of  the  sergeant  of  the  guard,  returning 
the  salute  of  the  latter  with  the  right  hand. 

He  will  then  draw  his  sword,  and  place  himself  two 
paces  in  front  of  the  center.  When  the  person  for  whom 
the  guard  has  been  turned  out  approaches,  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard  faces  his  guard,  commands:  1.  Carry , 

2.  arms;  3.  Present,  4.  arms;  faces  to  the  front  and 
salutes.  When  his  salute  is  acknowledged,  he  resumes 
the  carry,  faces  about,  commands:  1.  Carry,  2.  arms; 

3.  Order,  4.  arms  ; and  faces  to  the  front. 

If  it  be  an  officer  entitled  to  inspect  the  guard,  after 
saluting,  he  reports:  “Sir,  the  guard  is  present or,  “Sir, 
the  guard  and  prisoners  are  present;”  or,  “Sir,  the  guard  is 
present  and  the  prisoners  are  secure or,  “Sir,  (so  and  so) 
is  absent;”  except  that  at  guard  mounting  the  com- 
manders of  the  guards  present  their  guards  and  salute 
without  making  any  report. 

Between  retreat  and  reveille,  the  commander  of  the 
guard  salutes  and  reports,  but  does  not  bring  the  guard 
to  a present. 

74.  To  others  entitled  to  have  the  guard  turned  out 
no  report  will  be  made ; nor  will  a report  be  made  to  any 
officer,  unless  he  halts  in  front  of  the  guard. 

75.  A non-commissioned  officer  commanding  the 
guard  will  present  and  carry  arms  with  his  guard,  stand- 
ing on  the  right  of  the  right  guide,  except  as  pre- 
scribed in  Drill  Regulations,  Cav.,  Pars.  1068  and  1080; 
Inf.,  Par.  727. 

If  a report  be  also  required,  he  will,  after  bringing  his 
guard  to  a carry,  salute  and  report  as  prescribed  for  the 
officer  of  the  guard. 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


15 


76.  If  a guard  be  commanded  by  a commissioned 
officer,  no  compliments  will  be  paid  to  persons  except 
those  entitled  to  have  the  guard  turned  out.  (See  Par. 
252.) 

77.  An  officer  commanding  a guard,  marching  his 
guard  to  or  from  the  guardhouse,  will  salute  all  persons 
entitled  to  compliment  from  the  guard  (see  Par.  252), 
first  bringing  his  guard  to  a carry  ; a non-commissioned 
officer  marching  a guard  or  relief  will  salute  all  officers 
in  like  manner. 

78.  A guard  being  in  line,  and  not  under  inspection, 
when  commanded  by  a non-commissioned  officer,  is 
brought  to  attention  and  carry , when  an  officer  not  en- 
titled to  have  the  guard  turned  out  passes,  and  the  non- 
commissioned officer  salutes. 

79.  If  the  person  entitled  to  compliment  pass  in  rear 
of  the  guard,  it  does  not  salute,  but  stands  at  a carry 
facing  to  the  front. 

80.  After  any  person  entitled  to  the  compliment  has 
been  saluted  by  the  guard  or  guards,  official  recognition 
of  his  presence  thereafter, while  he  remains  in  the  same 
vicinity,  will  be  taken  by  bringing  the  guard  or  guards 
to  attention. 

81.  The  commander  of  the  guard  will  inspect  his 
guard  at  reveille  and  retreat  to  assure  himself  that  the 
men  are  in  proper  condition  to  perform  their  duties  and 
their  arms  and  equipments  in  proper  order ; for  inspec- 
tion by  other  officers,  he  prepares  the  guard  as  directed 
in  each  case  by  the  inspecting  officer. 

82.  At  all  formations  of  the  guard  or  reliefs  he  will 
see  that  the  chambers  of  rifles  or  carbines  are  opened  as 
soon  as  the  men  have  fallen  in.  (See  Drill  Regs.,  Cav., 
Par.  54;  Inf.,  Par.  46.) 

83.  After  receiving  the  reports  of  its  corporal,  he  will 
inspect  each  relief  before  it  goes  on  post  to  assure  him- 
self that  every  sentinel  is  properly  armed  and  equipped 
and  is  in  proper  condition  to  perform  his  duties.  The 


io 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD, 


same  rale  applies  to  all  patrols  and  sentinels  over  pris- 
oners. The  relief  first  posted  after  guard  mounting’  need 
not  be  thus  inspected. 

§4.  He  will  see  that  sentinels  are  relieved  every  two 
hours,  unless  the  weather  or  other  cause  make  it  neces- 
sary or  proper  that  it  be  done  at  shorter  or  longer  inter- 
vals, as  directed  by  the  commanding  officer. 

85.  He  will  question  his  non-commissioned  officers 
and  sentinels  relative  to  the  instructions  they  may  have 
received  from  the  old  guard  ; he  will  see  that  patrols  and 
visits  of  inspections  are  made  as  directed  by  the  officer 
of  the  day. 

§6.  He  will  see  that  the  orders  for  each  sentinel  are 
posted,  either  written  or  printed,  in  the  guardhouse, and, 
if  practicable,  in  the  sentry  box  or  other  sheltered  place 
to  which  the  sentinel  has  constant  access.  (See  Par.  42.) 

§7.  He  will  see  that  the  proper  calls  are  sounded  at 
the  hours  appointed  by  the  commanding  officer. 

88.  Should  a member  of  the  guard  be  taken  sick,  or 
be  arrested,  or  desert,  or  leave  his  guard,  the  commander 
of  the  guard  will  at  once  notify  the  adjutant.  (See  Par.  34. 

89.  He  will  communicate  the  countersign  to  the  non- 
commissioned officers  of  his  guard,  and  see  that  it  is  duly 
communicated  to  sentinels,  before  the  hour  for  challeng- 
ing ; the  countersign  will  not  be  given  to  sentinels 
posted  at  the  guardhouse. 

90.  He  will  have  the  details  for  hoisting  the  flag  at 
reveille,  and  lowering  at  retreat,  made  in  time  for  the 
proper  performance  of  these  duties  (see  Pars.  389,  390) ; 
he  will  see  that  the  flags  are  kept  in  the  best  condition 
possible,  and  that  they  are  never  handled  except  in  the 
proper  performance  of  duty. 

91.  The  commander  of  the  guard  may  permit  mem- 
bers of  the  guard  while  at  the  guardhouse  to  remove 
their  head-dress,  overcoats,  and  gloves ; if  they  leave  the 
guardhouse  for  any  purpose  whatever,  he  will  require 
that  they  shall  be  properly  equipped  and  armed  accord- 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


17 


mg’  to  the  character  of  the  service  in  which  engaged,  or 
as  directed  by  the  commanding  officer. 

92.  He  will  enter  in  the  guard  report  a report  of  his 
tour  of  duty,  and,  on  the  completion  of  his  tour,  will 
present  it  to  the  officer  of  the  day.  He  will  transmit  with 
his  renort  all  passes  turned  in  at  the  post  of  the  guard. 

93.  Whenever  a prisoner  is  sent  to  the  guardhouse  or 
guard  tent  for  confinement,  the  commander  of  the  guard 
will  cause  him  to  be  searched,  and  will,  without  unneces- 
sary delay,  report  the  case  to  the  officer  of  the  day.  If 
any  one  is  to  be  passed  out  of  camp  at  night,  he  is  sent 
to  the  commander  of  the  guard,  who  will  have  him  passed 
beyond  the  sentinels. 

94.  The  commander  of  the  guard  will  detain  at  the 
guardhouse  all  suspicious  characters,  or  parties  attempt- 
ing to  pass  a sentinel’s  post  without  authority,  reporting 
his  action  to  the  officer  of  the  day,  to  whom  persons  so 
arrested  will  be  sent,  if  necessary. 

95.  He  will  inspect  the  guardrooms  and  cells,  and  the 
irons  of  such  prisoners  as  may  be  ironed,  at  least  once 
during'  his  tour,  and  at  such  other  times  as  he  may  deem 
necessary. 

96.  He  will  see  that  the  sentences  of  prisoners  under 
his  charge  are  executed  strictly  as  confirmed  by  the  re- 
viewing authority. 

97.  He  will  cause  sentinels  over  working  parties  of 
prisoners  to  be  taken  from  those  assigned  to  posts  guard- 
ed at  night  only.  If  there  be  none  such,  he  will  cause 
this  ditty  to  be  divided  as  equally  as  possible  among  the 
privates  of  the  guard. 

98.  He  will  inspect  all  meals  sent  to  the  guardhouse 
for  the  prisoners  and  see  that  the  quantity  and  quality 
are  in  accordance  with  regulations. 

99.  At  guard  mounting  he  will  report  to  the  old  officer 
of  the  day  all  cases  of  prisoners  whose  terms  of  sentence 
expire  on  that  day,  as  also  all  cases  of  prisoners  concern- 
ing whom  no  statement  of  charges  has  been  received. 
(See  Par.  280). 


18 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


100.  The  commander  of  the  guard  is  responsible  for 
the  security  of  prisoners  under  the  charge  of  his  guard; 
he  becomes  responsible  for  them  after  their  number  has 
been  verified  and  they  have  been  turned  over  to  the 
custody  of  his  guard,  whether  at  the  guardhouse  or  out 
at  work. 

101.  To  receive  the  prisoners  at  the  guardhouse  after 
their  number  has  been  verified  by  the  officers  of  the  day, 
the  commander  of  the  new  guard  directs  his  sergeant  to 
form  the  guard  with  an  interval,  and  commands  : 

1.  Prisoners,  2.  Right,  8.  face,  4 Forward,  5.  march. 

The  prisoners  having  arrived  opposite  the  interval  in 
the  new  guard,  he  commands  : 

1.  Prisoners,  2.  halt,  3.  Left,  4.  face,  5.  Right  (or  Left) 
backward,  6.  dress,  7.  front. 

The  prisoners  dress  on  the  line  of  the  new  guard. 

102.  After  the  new  guard  arrives  at  its  post,  and  has 
saluted  the  old  guard,  each  guard  is  presented  by  its 
commander  to  its  officer  of  the  day  ; if  there  be  but  one 
officer  of  the  day  present,  or  if  one  officer  acts  in  the 
capacity  of  old  and  new  officer  of  the  day,  each  guard  is 
presented  to  him  by  its  commander. 

103.  If  other  officers  entitled  to  a salute  approach, 
each  commander  of  the  guard  will  bring  his  own  guard 
to  a carry.  The  senior  commander  of  the  two  guards 
will  then  command  : 

1.  Old  and  new  guards,  2.  Present,  3.  arms. 

The  junior  will  salute  at  the  command  present  arms 
given  by  the  senior.  After  the  salute  has  been  acknowl- 
edged, the  senior  brings  both  guards  to  the  carry  and 
order. 

104.  After  the  salutes  have  been  acknowledged  by  the 
officers  of  the  day,  each  guard  is  brought  to  a carry  and 
order  by  its  commander ; the  commander  of  the  new 
guard  then  directs  the  orderly  or  orderlies  to  fall  out  and 
report,  and  causes  bayonets  to  be  fixed  if  so  ordered  by 
the  commanding  officer  ; bayonets  will  not  then  be  un- 


COMMANDER  OF  THE  GUARD. 


19 


fixed  during*  the  tour  except  in  route  marches  while  the 
guard  is  actually  marching,  or  when  specially  directed 
by  the  commanding  officer. 

The  commander  of  the  new  guard  then  falls  out  mem- 
bers of  the  guard  for  detached  posts,  placing  them  under 
charge  of  the  proper  non-commissioned  officers,  divides 
the  guard  into  three  reliefs,  first , second , and  third,  from 
right  to  left,  and  directs  a list  of  the  guard  to  be  made 
by  reliefs.  When  the  guard  consists  of  troops  of  differ- 
ent arms  combined,  the  men  are  assigned  to  reliefs  so  as 
to  insure  a fair  division  of  duty,  under  rules  prescribed 
by  the  commanding  officer. 

" 105.  The  sentinels  and  detachments  of  the  old  guard 
are  at  once  relieved  by  members  of  the  new  guard;  while 
this  is  being  done,  the  two  guards  stand  at  ease,  or  at  rest 
and  the  commander  of  the  old  gives  the  commander  of 
the  new  guard  all  necessary  instructions  and  information 
concerning  the  guard  and  its  duties.  The  commander  of 
the  new  guard  then  takes  possession  of  the  guardhouse 
and  property,  receipting  for  the  latter  in  the  guard 
report  of  the  commander  of  the  old  guard. 

106.  When  all  the  detachments  and  sentinels  of  the 
old  guard  have  formed  on  its  left,  its  commander  causes 
bayonets  to  be  unfixed,  if  not  already  unfixed,  and 
marches  off  hisguard,  as  prescribed  in  Drill  Regulations, 
Oav.,  Pars.  1070  and  1081;  Inf.,  Par.  728.  When  the 
old  guard  has  marched  past  the  post  of  the  guard,  the 
new  guard  stacks  arms  and  is  dismissed,  or,  if  arm  racks 
are  provided,  the  new  eruard  is  dismissed,  and  the  arms 
are  placed  in  the  racks  ; or  the  men  may  be  required  to 
keep  their  arms  constantly  with  them. 

107.  Detachments  of  the  guard  having  separate  posts 
are  relieved  in  the  same  manner  as  prescribed  for  the 
guard,  and  then  marched  to  the  post  of  the  guard. 

16§.  A supernumerary  officer  of  the  guard  receives 
and  obeys  the  orders  of  the  commander  of  the  guard, 
assisting  him  in  the  performance  of  his  duties. 


20 


SERGEANT  OF  THE  GUARD. 


SERGEANT  OF  THE  GUARD. 

109.  The  senior  non-commissioned  officer  of  the 
guard  always  acts  as  sergeant  of  the  guard,  and,  if  there 
be  no  officer  of  the  guard,  will  perform  the  duties  pre- 
scribed for  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

110.  The  sergeant  of  the  guard  has  general  super- 
vision over  the  other  non-commissioned  officers  and 
musicians  and  privates  of  the  guard,  and  must  be 
thoroughly  familiar  with  all  their  orders  and  duties. 

111.  He  is  directly  responsible  for  the  property  under 
charge  of  the  guard,  and  will  see  that  it  is  properly 
cared  for.  He  will  make  lists  of  articles  taken  out  by 
working  parties,  and  see  that  all  such  articles  are  duly 
returned.  If  they  are  not,  he  will  immediately  report 
the  fact  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

112.  Immediately  after  guard  mounting  he  will  pre- 
pare duplicate  lists  of  the  names  of  all  non-commissioned 
officers,  musicians,  and  privates  of  the  guard,  showing 
the  relief  and  post  or  duties  of  each.  One  list  will  be 
handed  as  soon  as  possible  to  the  commander  of  the 
guard ; the  other  will  be  retained  by  the  sergeant. 

113.  He  will  see  that  reliefs  are  turned  out  at  the 
proper  time,  and  that  the  corporals  thoroughly  under- 
stand and  are  prompt  and  efficient  in  the  discharge  of 
their  duties. 

114.  During  the  temporary  absence  from  the  guard- 
house of  the  sergeant  of  the  guard,  the  next  in  rank  of 
the  non-commissioned  officers  present  will  perform  his 
duties. 

115.  Should  the  corporal  whose  relief  is  on  post  be 
called  away  from  the  guardhouse,  the  sergeant  of  the 
guard  will  designate  a non-commissioned  officer  to  take 
the  corporal’s  place  until  his  return. 


SERGEANT  OF  THE  GUARD. 


21 


116,  After  breakfast,  and  after  stable  duty  in  the 
cavalry,  he  will  cause  the  guardhouse  or  guard  tent  and 
the  space  around  it  to  be  policed  by  the  prisoners,  if 
there  be  any,  or  by  members  of  the  guard  if  there  be  no 
prisoners.  (A.  R.,  420,  1889.) 

117.  He  will  see  that  the  guardroom  and  cells  are 
thoroughly  policed  twice  daily,  morning  and  evening. 

11§.  At  first  sergeants’  call  he  will  proceed  to  the 
adjutant’s  office  and  obtain  the  guard  report  book. 

119.  When  the  national  or  regimental  colors  are 
taken  from  the  stacks  of  the  color  line,  the  color  bearer 
and  guard,  or  sergeant  of  the  guard,  unarmed,  and  two 
armed  privates  as  a guard,  will  escort  the  colors  to  the 
colonel's  quarters,  as  prescribed  for  the  color  guard  in 
Infantry  Drill  Regulations,  Par.  499. 

120.  Upon  the  return  of  soldiers  having  passes,  the 
passes  will  be  given  to  the  sergeant  of  the  guard,  who 
will  indorse  upon  them  the  time  at  which  each  of  the 
men  included  in  a pass  returns  ; at  guard  mounting  he 
will  turn  them  in  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

121.  He  will  report  to  the  commander  of  the  guard 
any  suspicious  or  unusual  occurrence  that  comes  under 
his  notice,  will  warn  him  of  the  approach  of  any  armed 
body,  and  will  send  to  him  all  persons  arrested  by  the 
guard. 

122.  When  the  guard  is  turned  out,  its  formation  will 
be  as  follows  : The  senior  non-commissioned  officer,  if 
commander  of  the  guard,  is  on  the  right  of  the  right 
guide  ; if  not  commander  of  the  guard,  he  is  in  the  line 
of  file  closers,  in  rear  of  the  right  four  of  the  guard  ; the 
next  in  rank  is  right  guide  ; the  next,  left  guide  ; the 
others,  in  the  line  of  file  closers,  usually,  each  in  rear  of 
his  relief  : the  field  music,  with  its  left  three  paces  to  the 
right  of  the  right  guide.  The  reliefs  form  in  the  same 
order  as  when  the  guard  was  first  divided,  except  that  if 
the  guard  consist  of  dismounted  cavalry  and  infantry, 
the  cavalry  forms  on  the  left. 


22 


SERGEANT  OF  THE  GUARD, 


1 23.  The  sergeant  forms  the  guard,  calls  the  roll,  and 
if  not  in  command  of  the  guard,  reports  to  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard  as  prescribed  in  Drill  Regulations 
for  a first  sergeant  forming  a troop  or  company  ; the 
guard  is  not  divided  into  platoons  or  sections,  and,  ex- 
cept when  the  whole  guard  is  formed  prior  to  marching 
off,  fours  are  not  counted. 

124.  The  sergeant  reports  as  follows  : “ Sir,  the  guard 
is  present or,  “Sir,  the  guard  and  prisoners  are  present ;** 
or,  “ Sir,  the  guard  is  present  and  the  prisoners  are  secure 
or,  “Sir,  (so  and  so)  is  absent;”  or,  if  the  roll  call  has 
been  omitted,  “Sir,  the  guard  is  formed.'’  Only  men  ab- 
sent without  proper  authority  are  reported  absent.  He 
then  takes  his  place,  without  command. 

1 25.  At  night  the  roll  may  be  called  by  reliefs  and 
numbers  instead  of  names ; thus,  tne  first  relief  being 
on  post:  Second  Relief , Corporal ; No.  1 ; No.  2,  etc.  Third 
relief,  Corporal ; No.  I,  etc. 

126.  Calling  the  roll  will  be  dispensed  with  in  form- 
ing the  guard  when  it  is  turned  out  as  a compliment,  on 
the  approach  of  an  armed  body,  or  in  any  sudden  emer- 
gency ; but  in  such  cases  the  roll  may  be  called  before 
dismissing  the  guard. 

127.  When  directed  by  the  officer  of  the  guard  to 
dismiss  the  guard,  the  sergeant  salutes,  steps  in  front  of 
the  guard,  and  commands  : 

1 . Port,  2.  arms,  3.  Open,  4.  chamber,  5.  Close, 
6.  CHAMBER,  7.  DISMISSED;  or,  7.  Order,  8.  arms, 
9.  Stack,  10.  ARMS,  11.  DISMISSED.  (See  Par.  106.) 

12§.  The  sergeant  of  the  guard  has  direct  charge  of 
prisoners,  and  is  responsible  to  the  commander  of  the 
guard  for  their  security. 

129.  He  will  carry  the  keys  of  the  guard  room  and 
cells,  and  will  not  suffer  them  to  leave  his  personal  pos- 
session while  he  is  at  the  guardhouse,  except  as  herein- 
after provided  (Par.  131).  Should  he  leave  the  guard- 


SERGEANT  OF  THE  GUARD. 


23 


] louse  for  any  purpose,  he  will  turn  the  keys  over  to  the 
non-commissioned  officer  who  takes  his  place  (Par.  114). 

ISO.  He  will  count  the  knives,  forks,  etc.,  given  to 
the  prisoners  with  their  food,  and  see  that  none  of  these 
articles  remain  in  their  possession.  He  will  see  that  no 
forbidden  articles  of  any  kind  are  conveyed  to  the  pris- 
oners. 

I SI.  Prisoners,  when  paraded  with  the  guard,  are 
placed  in  line,  in  its  centre.  The  sergeant,  immedi- 
ately before  forming  the  guard,  will  turn  over  his  keys 
to  the  non-commissioned  officer  at  the  guardhouse. 
Having  formed  the  guard,  he  will  divide  it  into  two 
nearly  equal  parts.  Indicating  the  point  of  division 
with  his  hand,  he  commands: 

1.  Right  (or  Left),  2.  face,  3.  Forward,  4.  march, 
5.  Guard,  6.  halt,  7.  Left  (or  Right),  8.  face. 

If  the  first  command  be  right  face,  the  right  half  of 
the  guard  only  will  execute  the  movements  ; if  left 
face,  the  left  half  only  will  execute  them.  The  com- 
mand halt  is  given  when  sufficient  interval  is  obtained 
to  admit  the  prisoners.  The  doors  of  the  guard  room  and 
cells  are  then  opened  by  the  non-commissioned  officer 
having  the  keys.  The  prisoners  will  file  out  under  the 
supervision  of  the  sergeant,  the  non-commissioned  offi- 
cer and  sentinel  on  duty  at  the  guardhouse,  and  will 
form  in  line  between  the  two  parts  of  the  guard. 

1 32.  To  return  the  prisoners  to  the  guardroom  and 
cells  the  sergeant  commands  : 

1.  Prisoners,  2.  Right  (or  Left),  3.  face,  4.  Forward,  5. 
Column  Right  (or  Left),  6.  march. 

The  prisoners  under  the  same  supervision  as  before 
will  return  to  their  proper  rooms  or  cells. 

133.  To  close  the  guard  the  sergeant  commands  : 

1.  Left  (or  Right),  2.  face,  3.  Forward,  4.  march,  5 
Guard , 6.  halt,  7.  Right  (or  Left),  8.  face. 

The  left  or  right  half  only  of  the  guard,  as  indicated, 
executes  the  movement. 


24 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD, 


134.  If  there  be  but  few  prisoners,  the  sergeant  may 
indicate  the  point  of  division  as  above,  and  form  the 
necessary  interval  by  the  commands  : 


1.  Right  (or  Left)  step,  2.  march,  3.  Guard,  4.  halt,  and 
close  the  intervals  by  the  commands  : 

1.  Left  (or  Right)  step,  2.  march,  3.  Guard,  4.  halt. 

135.  The  sergeant  of  the  guard  will  cause  the  corpo- 
ral of  each  relief  to  verify  the  number  of  prisoners 
whenever  his  relief  goes  on  post. 

136.  If  sentinels  are  numerous,  reliefs  may  be  posted 
in  detachments,  and  sergeants,  as  well  as  corporals,  re- 
quired to  relieve  and  post  them. 

137.  Sergeants  assigned  to  reliefs  perform  the  duties 
prescribed  for  corporals  of  the  guard.  They  will  not  be 
so  assigned  unless  the  number  of  corporals  detailed  for 
guard  be  less  than  the  number  of  reliefs. 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD. 


138.  Corporals  of  the  guard  are  assigned  to  reliefs 
by  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

130.  A corporal  of  the  guard  receives  and  obeys 
orders  from  none  but  non-commissioned  officers  of  the 
guard  senior  to  himself,  the’  officers  of  the  guard,  the 
officer  of  the  day,  and  the  commanding  officer . 

140.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  corporal  of  the  guard  to 
post  and  relieve  sentinels,  and  to  instruct  the  members 
of  his  relief  in  their  orders  and  duties. 

141.  Immediately  after  the  division  of  the  guard  into 
reliefs  the  corporals  will  assign  the  members  of  their 
respective  reliefs  to  posts  by  number,  and  a soldier  so 
assigned  to  his  post  will  not  be  changed  to  another  dur- 
ing the  same  tour  of  guard  duty,  unless  by  direction  of 
the  commander  of  the  guard  or  higher  authority.  Usu- 
ally, experienced  soldiers  are  placed  over  the  arms  of 
the  guard,  and  at  remote  and  responsible  posts. 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD. 


25 


142.  Each  corporal  will  then  make  a list  of  the  mem- 
bers of  his  relief,  including  himself.  This  list  will  com 
tain  the  number  of  the  relief,  the  name,  the  company, 
and  regiment  of  every  member  thereof,  and  the  post  to 
which  each  is  assigned.  The  list  will  be  made  in  dupli- 
cate, one  copy  to  be  given  to  the  sergeant  of  the  guard 
as  soon  as  completed,  the  other  to  be  retained  by  the 
corporal. 

1451.  As  soon  as  the  officers  of  the  day  have  visited 
their  respective  guards,  or  as  soon  as  directed  by  the  offi- 
cer of  the  guard,  the  corporal  of  the  first  relief  posts  his 
relief. 

144.  The  corporal  forms  his  relief,  and  then  com- 
mands CALL  OFF. 

Commencing  on  the  right,  the  men  call  of  alternately, 
rear  and  front  rank,  “one,  ’ ’ “two,  ’ ’ “three,  ’ ’ “four, ' ' and  so 
on  ; if  in  single  rank,  they  call  off  from  right  to  left. 
The  corporal  then  commands  : 

1.  Right,  2.  face,  3.  Forward,  4.  march. 

In  wet  weather  the  relief  may  be  marched  at  secure 
arms, 

The  corporal  marches  on  the  left,  and  near  the  rear  file, 
in  order  to  observe  the  march.  The  corporal  of  the  old 
guard  marches  on  the  right  of  the  leading  file,  and  takes 
command  when  the  last  one  of  the  old  sentinels  is  re- 
lieved, changing  places  with  the  corporal  of  the  new 
guard. 

145-  When  the  relief  arrives  at  six  paces  from  a sen- 
tinel (See  Par.  214),  the  corporal  halts  it  and  commands, 
according  to  the  number  of  the  post : 1.  No.  ( ). 

The  new  sentinel  comes  to  a carry,  approaches  the  old, 
halts  at  about  one  pace  from  him,  and  both  execute  port 
arms  or  saber.  (See  Par.  207.) 

146.  The  corporals  advance  and  place  themselves, 
facing  each  other,  a little  in  advance  of  the  new  sentinel, 
the  old  corporal  on  his  right,  the  new  corporal  on  his  left. 


88 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD. 


both  at  a carry  or  order , and  observe  that  the  old  sentinel 
transmits  correctly  his  instructions. 

The  following’  diagram  will  illustrate  the  positions 
taken ; 


9 I I I Cl  ID 


R is  the  relief ; A,  the  new  corporal, ; B,  the  old  ; C,  the 
new  sentinel ; D,  the  old. 

147.  The  instruction  relative  to  the  post  having  been 
communicated,  the  new  corporal  commands  : Post , then 
steps  back  about  two  paces  and  commands  : 

1.  Forward,  2.  march. 

The  corporals  take  their  places  as  the  relief  passes 
them. 

14§.  The  sentinels  at  the  guardhouse  are  the  first  re- 
lieved ; they  are  left  at  the  guardhouse. 

140.  On  the  return  of  the  old  relief,  the  corporal  of 
the  new  guard  falls  out  when  the  relief  halts  ; the  cor- 
poral of  the  old  guard  forms  his  relief  on  the  left  of  the 
old  guard,  salutes,  and  reports  to  the  commander  of  his 
guard  : Sir , the  relief  is  present , and  takes  his  place  in  the 
guard. 

150.  To  post  a relief  after  the  sentinels  of  the  old 
guard  have  been  relieved,  its  corporal  forms  it  by  the 
commands  : 

1.  (Such)  relief,  2.  fall  in  ; and  if  arms  are  stacked, 
8.  Take,  4.  arms. 

The  relief  is  formed  in  double  or  single  rank  (accord- 
ing as  the  guard  is  formed)  facing  to  the  front,  with  arms 
at  an  order  (See  Par.  144) ; the  men  place  themselves  ac 
cording  to  the  numbers  of  their  respective  posts,  viz. : 
two,  four,  six,  and  so  on;  in  the  fron  frank,  one,  three,  five. 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD 


27 


and  so  on,  in  the  rear  rank,  or  in  the  order  of  their  re- 
spective posts  from  right  to  left,  according  as  the  relief 
is  in  double  or  single  rank.  The  corporal,  standing  about 
two  paces  in  front  of  the  center  of  his  relief,  then  com- 
mands: Call  off. 

The  men  call  off  as  prescribed  (Par.  144).  The  corporal 
then  commands: 

1.  Port,  2.  arms,  3.  Open,  4.  chamber,  5.  Close, 
6.  chamber,  7.  Order,  8.  arms;  faces  the  commander  of 
the  guard,  executes  the  rifle  salute,  reports,  Sir,  the  relief 
is  present,  and  then  takes  his  place  on  the  right  at  order 
arms. 

151.  Having  inspected  the  relief  (see  Par.  83),  the 
commander  of  the  guard  directs  the  corporal,  Post  your 
relief.  The  corporal  salutes  and  posts  his  relief  as  pre- 
scribed (Pars.  144  to  148);  the  corporal  of  the  relief  on 
post  does  not  go  with  the  relief,  except  when  neces- 
sary to  show  the  way. 

152.  II  so  directed  by  the  commander  of  the  guard, 
the  corporal,  before  posting  his  relief,  will  command: 

1.  With  ball  cartridges,  2.  load,  3.  Order,  4.  arms. 

153.  To  dismiss  the  old  relief, it  is  halted  and  faced, 
to  the  front  at  the  guardhouse  by  the  corporal  of  the  new 
relief,  who  then  falls  out;  the  corporal  of  the  relief 
steps  in  front  of  the  relief,  and  commands: 

1.  Port,  2.  arms,  3.  Open,  4.  chamber,  5.  Close, 
6 CHAMBER,  7.  dismissed;  or  7.  Order,  8.  arms,  9.  Stack, 
10.  ARMS,  11.  DISMISSED. 

154.  Should  the  pieces  have  been  loaded  before  the 
relief  was  posted,  the  corporal  commands: 

1.  Draw,  2.  cartridge,  3.  Port,  4.  arms,  5.  dis- 
missed; or  3.  Order,  4.  arms,  5.  Stack,  6.  arms,  7.  dis- 
missed. 

155.  Each  corporal  will  throughly  acquaint  himself 
with  all  the  special  orders  of  every  sentinel  on  his  relief, 
and  see  that  each  sentinel  correctly  transmits  such  orders 
in  detail  to  his  sucessor. 

3 


28 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD. 


156.  He  will  see  that  each  sentinel,  on  being  posted, 
clearly  understands  the  limits  and  extent  of  his  post. 

157.  There  should  be  at  least  one  non-commissioned 
officer  constantly  on  the  alert  at  the  guardhouse,  usually 
the  corporal  whose  relief  is  on  post.  This  non-commis- 
sioned officer  takes  post  near  the  entrance  of  the  guard- 
house, and  does  not  fall  in  with  the  guard  when  it  is 
formed.  He  will  have  his  rifle  constantly  with  him. 

158.  He  will  see  that  no  person  enters  the  guard- 
house, or  guard  tent,  or  crosses  the  posts  of  the  sentinels 
there  posted,  without  proper  authority. 

159.  Should  any  sentinel  call  for  the  corporal  of  the 
guard,  the  corporal  will,  in  every  case,  at  once  and 
quickly  proceed  to  such  sentinel.  He  will  notify  the  ser- 
geant of  the  guard  before  leaving  the  guardhouse. 

160.  He  will  at  once  report  to  the  commander  of  the 
guard  any  violation  of  regulations  or  any  unusual  occur- 
rence reported  to  him  by  a sentinel,  or  coming  to  his 
notice  in  any  other  way. 

1 61 » Should  a sentinel  call  “ The  Guard,”  the  corporal 
will  promptly  notify  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

162.  Should  a sentinel  call  “Relief,”  the  corporal  will 
at  once  proceed  to  the  post  of  such  sentinel,  taking  with 
him  the  man  next  for  duty  on  that  post.  If  the  sentinel 
is  relieved  for  a short  time  only,  the  corporal  will  see 
that  he  is  again  posted  as  soon  as  the  necessity  for  his 
relief  ceases. 

1 63.  Immediately  before  the  hour  for  challenging  to 
begin,  the  corporal  whose  relief  is  on  post  will  commu- 
nicate the  countersign  to  all  the  sentinels  of  his  relief, 
excepting  those  posted  at  the  guardhouse. 

164.  He  will,  at  the  proper  time,  notify  No.  1 of  the 
hour,  if  sentinels  are  required  to  call  the  hours  or  half 
hours  of  the  night. 

165.  He  will  wake  the  corporal  whose  relief  is  next 
on  post  in  time  for  the  latter  to  form  his  relief  and  post 
it  at  the  proper  hour. 


CORPORAL  OF  THE  GUARD, 


29 


166.  Should  the  guard  be  turned  out,  each  corporal 
will  call  his  own  relief,  and  cause  its  members  to  fall 
in  promptly. 

167.  Corporals  will  ascertain  the  tents  or  bunks  of 
all  members  of  their  reliefs,  in  order  to  turn  them  out 
when  necessary,  in  the  least  time,  and  with  the  least  con- 
fusion. 

1 68.  When  challenged  by  a sentinel  while  posting 
his  relief,  the  corporal  commands:  1.  Relief,  2.  halt;  to 
the  sentinel’s  challenge  he  answers  “ Relief  ” and  at  the 
order  of  the  sentinel,  he  advances  alone  to  give  the  coun- 
tersign, or  to  be  recognized.  When  the  sentinel  says 
“ Advance  relief .”  the  corporal  commands:  1.  Forward , 
2.  MARCH. 

If  to  be  relieved,  the  sentinel  is  then  relieved  as  pre- 
scribed (Pa^s.  145  to  148). 

169.  Between  retreat  and  reveille,  the  corporal  of  the 
guard  will  challenge  all  suspicious  looking  persons  or 
parties  he  may  observe,  first  halting  his  patrol  or  relief, 
if  either  be  with  him.  He  will  advance  them  in  the  same 
manner  that  sentinels  on  post  advance  1 ike  parties  (Pars. 
222  to  227);  but  if  the  route  of  a patrol  is  on  a continuous 
chain  of  sentinels,  he  should  not  challenge  persons  com- 
ing near  him  unless  he  has  reason  to  believe  that  they 
have  eluded  the  vigilance  of  sentinels. 

170.  Between  retreat  and  reveille,  whenever  so  or- 
dered by  an  officer  entitled  to  inspect  the  guard,  the 
corporal  will  call:  “ Turn  out  the  guard ,”  announcing  the 
title  of  the  officer  and  then,  if  not  otherwise  ordered,  he 
will  salute,  and  return  to  his  post. 

171.  Between  retreat  and  reveille,  on  the  approach 
of  an  armed  party  other  than  a returning  relief  or  de- 
tachment of  the  guard,  he  will  call;  “ Turn  out  the  guard. 
Armed  party”  and  remain  where  he  can  observe  the 
movements  of  the  party  while  the  guard  is  forming,  and 
then  return  to  his  post. 

172.  As  a general  rule  he  will  advance  parties  ap- 
proaching the  guard  at  night  in  the  same  manner  that 


30 


MUSICIANS  OF  THE  GUARD. 


sentinels  on  post  advance  like  parties.  Thus:  The  sen- 
tinel at  the  guardhouse  challenges  and  reports  the 
answer  to  the  corporal,  as  prescribed  hereafter  (Par.  240); 
the  corporal  advancing  at  port  arms,  says:  “ Advance  (so 
and  so)  with  the  countersign ,”  or  “ to  be  recognized  ” if  there 
be  no  countersign  used;  the  countersign  being  correctly 
given,  or  the  party  being  duly  recognized,  the  corporal 
says:  “ Advance  (so  and  so);”  repeating  the  answer  to  the 
challenge  of  the  sentinel. 

173.  When  officers  of  different  rank  approach  the 
guardhouse  from  different  directions  at  the  same  time, 
the  senior  will  be  advanced  first,  and  will  not  be  made  to 
wait  for  his  junior. 

174.  Out  of  ranks  and  under  arms,  the  corporal  sa- 
lutes with  the  rifle  salute.  He  will  salute  all  officers, 
whether  by  day  or  night.  If  marching  his  relief  he  will 
have  the  relief  at  a carry  before  saluting. 

175.  The  corporal  will  examine  parties  halted  and 
detained  by  sentinels,  and  if  he  have  reason  to  believe 
the  parties  have  no  authority  to  cross  sentinels’  posts, 
will  conduct  them  to  the  commander  of  the  guard. 

176.  The  corporal  of  the  guard  will  arrest  all  suspi- 
cious looking  characters  prowling  about  the  post  or 
camp,  all  persons  of  a disorderly  charaeterer  disturbing- 
the  peace,  and  all  persons  taken  in  the  act  of  committing 
crime  against  the  Government  on  a military  reservation 
or  post.  All  persons  arrested  by  corporals  of  the  guard, 
or  by  sentinels,  will  at  once  be  conducted  to  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard  by  the  corporal. 

MUSICIANS  OF  THE  GUARD. 

177.  Musicians  of  the  guard  are  subject  to  the  orders 
of  none  but  the  commanding  officer,  the  officer  of  the 
day,  officers,  and  non-commissioned  officers  of  theguard. 

17§.  Unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  commanding 
officer,  they  will  remain  at  the  guardhouse  during.their 
tour,  and  will  fall  in  with  the  guard  when  it  is  formed. 


ORDERLY. 


31 


They  form  on  a line  with  the  front  rank  of  the  guard, 
their  left  three  paces  from  the  right  guide. 

179.  Musicians  of  the  guard  sleep  at  the  guardhouse, 
unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  commanding  officer. 

1§0.  They  will  sound  all  calls  prescribed  by  the 
commanding  officer,  and  such  other  calls  as  may  be 
ordered  by  proper  authority,  at  such  times  and  places 
as  may  be  directed. 

1SI.  Should  the  guard  be  turned  out  for  national  or 
regimental  colors  or  standards,  the  field  music  of  the 
guard  will,  when  the  guard  presents  arms,  sound,  " To 
the  color/’  or  “ To  the  standard, “ or,  if  for  any  person 
entitled  thereto,  the  prescribed  march,  flourishes,  or 
ruffles,  as  follows  : 

The  President : The  President’s  March. 

The  General,  the  Admiral,  the  Vice  President,  the 
Members  of  the  Cabinet,  the  Chief  Justice,  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Senate,  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, and  Governors,  within  their  respective  States 
and  Territories  : The  General’s  March. 

The  Lieutenant  General  or  the  Major  General  Com- 
manding, the  Vice  Admiral,  American  or  Foreign 
Envoys,  or  Ministers  : three  flourishes  or  three  ruffles. 
A Major  General  or  a Rear  Admiral : two  flourishes  or 
two  ruffles.  A Brigadier  General  or  a Commodore  : 
one  flourish  or  one  ruffle. 

Officers  of  marines,  and  of  the  volunteers  and  militia 
when  in  the  service  of  the  United  States,  are  entitled  to 
the  honors  due  to  like  grades  in  the  regular  service. 

Officers  of  a foreign  service  are  entitled  to  the  honors 
due  to  their  rank. 

ORDERLY  FOR  THE  COMMANDING  OFFICER. 

1§2.  When  so  directed,  the  adjutant  will  select  an 
orderly  for  the  commanding  officer  from  the  members  of 
the  new  guard,  an  extra  man  being  detailed  for  guard  for 


32 


ORDERLY. 


this  purpose ; the  selection  is  usually  made  during  the 
Inspection  at  guard  mounting. 

I 83.  That  soldier  will  be  chosen  who  is  most  correct 
in  the  performance  of  duty  and  in  military  bearing, 
neatest  in  person  and  clothing,  and  whose  arms  and  ac- 
coutrements are  in  the  best  condition.  Clothing,  arms 
and  equipments  must  conform  to  the  regulations  pre- 
scribing the  uniform.  If  there  be  doubt  as  to  the  rela- 
tive merits  of  two  or  more  soldiers,  the  adjutant  maj" 
cause  them  to  form  in  line  a few  paces  in  front  of  the 
guard,  or  may  proceed  to  the  guardhouse  and  cause 
them  to  form  in  line  a few  paces  from  the  guard,  after 
it  has  been  brought  to  an  order.  They  fall  in  facing  to 
the  front,  at  order  arms.  The  adjutant  will  cause  them 
to  execute  the  manual  of  arms,  both  with  and  without 
the  numbers,  to  march,  etc.,  the  most  proficient  being 
selected  as  orderly.  If  doubts  still  exists,  he  will  sub- 
ject them  to  a more  minute  inspection,  or  may  cause 
them  to  draw  lots.  The  adjutant  will  notify  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard  of  his  selection. 

184.  When  directed  by  the  commander  of  the  guard 
to  fall  out  and  report,  the  orderly  will  give  his  name, 
company,  and  regiment  to  the  sergeant  of  the  guard, 
and  leaving  his  rifle  in  the  arm  rack  in  his  company 
quarters,  will  proceed  at  once  to  the  commanding  officer, 

reporting  : “Sir,  Private , Company , reports  as 

orderly.” 

185.  If  the  orderly  selected  be  a cavalryman,  he  will 
report  equipped  with  saber  belt  and  saber,  unless  other- 
wise directed  by  the  commanding  officer,  first  leaving 
his  carbine  in  the  arm  rack  of  his  troop  quarters. 

186.  In  the  field,  or  on  the  march,  the  equipment  of 
the  orderly  will  be  as  directed  by  the  commanding  officer. 

187.  The  orderly,  while  on  duty  as  such,  is  subject  to 
the  orders  of  the  commanding  officer  only. 

188.  When  ordered  to  carry  a message,  he  will 
careful  to  deliver  it  exactly  as  it  was  given  to  him. 


PRIVATES  OF  THE  GUARD. 


33 


189.  The  orderly  may  be  permitted  to  sleep  in  his 
company  quarters,  or  in  such  other  places  as  the  com- 
manding officer  may  direct. 

190.  His  tour  of  duty  ends  when  he  is  relieved  by  the 
orderly  selected  from  the  guard  relieving  his  own. 

191.  The  orderly  is  a member  of  the  guard,  and  his 
name,  company  and  regiment  are  entered  on  the  guard 
report  and  lists  of  the  guard. 

192.  If  the  necessities  of  the  service  require  the 
habitual  detail  or  other  orderlies,  they  are  selected  and 
detailed  as  prescribed  for  the  orderly  for  the  command- 
ing officer.  They  are  subject  to  the  orders  of  none  but 
the  commanding  officer, and  the  officer  for  whom  detailed. 

PRIVATES  OF  THE  GUARD. 

193.  Without  permission  from  the  commander  of  the 
guard,  members  of  the  guard,  except  orderlies,  will  not 
remove  their  accoutrements  or  clothing,  nor  leave  the 
immediate  vicinity  of  the  guardhouse.  (See  Par.  91.) 

191.  During  his  tour  of  guard  duty  a.  soldier  is  sub- 
ject to  the  orders  of  the  commanding  officer,  the  officer 
of  the  day,  the  officers  and  non-commissioned  officers  of 
the  guard  only. 

195.  When  not  engaged  in  the  performance  of  a spe- 
cific duty,  a member  of  the  guard  will  salute  all  officers 
who  pass  him.  This  rules  applies  to  all  hours  of  the  day 
or  night. 

190.  Whenever  the  guard  or  a relief  is  dismissed, 
each  member  not  at  once  required  for  duty  will  place 
his  rifle  in  the  arm  racks,  if  they  be  provided,  and  will 
not  remove  it  therefrom  unless  he  requires  it  in  tne  per- 
formance of  some  duty. 

197.  Privates  are  assigned  to  reliefs  by  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard,  and  to  posts,  usually,  by  the  cor- 
poral of  their  relief.  They  will  not  change  from  one 
relief  or  post  to  another,  during  the  same  tour  of  guard 
duty,  unless  by  proper  authority. 


34 


ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  ON  POST. 


198.  Should  the  guard  be  formed,  soldiers  will  fall 
in  ranks  under  arms.  At  a roll  call,  each  man,  as  Jus 
name  or  number  and  relief  are  called,  answers  " Here,  ’ ’ 
and  comes  to  order  arms. 

199.  No  soldier  shall  hire  another  to  do  his  duty  for 
him.  (36th  Art.  of  War.) 

200.  Any  soldier  who  is  found  drunk  on  his  guard, 
party,  or  other  duty,  shall  suffer  such  punishment  as  a 
court-martial  may  direct.  (38th  Art.  of  War.) 

ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  ON  POST. 

201.  Orders  for  sentinels  on  post  are  divided  into  two 
classes,  general  orders  and  special  orders. 

202.  Sentinels  will  be  required  to  memorize  the  fol- 
lowing : 

My  general  orders  are : 

To  take  charge  of  this  post  and  all  Government  property  in 
view; 

To  walk  my  post  in  a military  manner,  keeping  constantly 
on  the  alert,  observing  everything  that  takes  place  within  sight 
or  hearing  ; 

To  report  every  breach  of  orders  or  regulations  that  / am 
instructed  to  enforce ; 

To  repeat  all  calls  from  posts  more  distant  from  the  guard- 
house than  my  own  ; 

To  quit  my  post  only  when  properly  relieved ; 

To  receive,  transmit,  and  obey  all  orders  from,  and  allow 
myself  to  be  relieved  by  the  commanding  officer,  officer  of  the 
day,  an  officer  or  non-commissioned  officer  of  the  guard  only ; 

To  hold  conversation  with  no  one  except  in  the  proper  dis- 
charge of  my  duty. 

In  case  of  fire  or  disorder  to  give  the  alarm  ; 

To  allow  no  one  to  commit  nuisance  in  the  vicinity  of  my  post ; 

In  any  case  not  covered  by  instructions,  to  call  the  corporal 
of  the  guard  ; 

To  salute  all  officers,  and  colors  or  standards  not  cased ; 


ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  ON  POST. 


35 


At  night  to  exercise  the  greatest  vigilance.  Between  retreat 
( o’clock,  naming'  the  hour  designated  by  the  com- 

manding officer)  and  broad  daylight,  challenge  all  person j 
seen  on  or  near  my  post,  and  allow  no  person  to  pass  without 
proper  authority. 

203.  In  addition  to  the  foregoing,  sentinels  posted 
at  the  guardhouse  or  guard  tent  will  be  required  to 
memorize  the  following  : 

Between  the  reveille  and  retreat , to  turn  out  the  guard  for  all 
persons  entitled  to  the  compliment , for  all  colors  or  standards 
not  cased , and  for  all  armed  parties  approaching  my  post,  ex- 
cept troops  at  drill  and  reliefs  or  detachments  of  the  guard. 

At  night,  after  challenging  any  person  or  party,  to  advance 
no  one,  but  call  the  corporal  of  the  guard,  repeating  the  answer 
to  the  challenge. 

204.  A sentinel  on  post  is  not  required  to  halt  and 
change  the  position  of  his  rifle  on  arriving  at  the  end  of 
his  post,  nor  to  execute  to  the  rear,  march,  precisely  as 
prescribed  in  the  drill  regulations,  but  faces  about  while 
marching  in  the  way  most  convenient  to  him,  and  either 
to  the  right  about  or  ]eft  about,  and  at  any  part  of  his 
post,  as  may  be  best  suited  to  the  proper  performance 
of  his  duties.  He  carries  his  rifle  on  either  shoulder, 
and  at  night,  or  in  wet  and  severe  weather,  when  not 
in  the  sentry  box,  may  carry  it  at  a secure. 

205.  Sentinels,  when  in  sentry  boxes,  stand  at  ease . 
Sentry  boxes  will  be  used  in  wet  weather  only. 

206.  In  very  hot  weather  sentinels  may  be  allowed 
to  stand  at  ease  on  their  posts,  provided  they  can  in  this 
position  effectively  discharge  their  duties.  Sentinels 
will,  however,  before  taking  advantage  of  this  privilege, 
obtain  the  express  authority  of  the  commander  of  the 
guard  or  officer  of  the  day. 

207.  When  calling  for  any  purpose,  challenging,  or 
in  communication  with  any  person,  an  infantry  sentinel 
will  take  the  position  of  port  arms.  A cavalry  sentinel, 
if  dismounted,  will  take  the  position  of  pert  arms,  raise 


36 


ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  ON  POST. 


pistol,  oi*  port  saber,  according-  as  he  is  armed  with  the 
carbine,  pistol,  or  saber ; if  mounted,  he  will  take  the 
position  of  advance  carbine,  raise  pistol  or  guard ; he  will  not 
dismount,  without  authority,  while  on  duty  as  a sentinel. 

208.  A sentinel  will  not  quit  his  piece,  except  on  an 
explicit  order  from  some  person  from  whom  he  lawfully 
receives  orders  while  cn  post ; under  no  circumstances 
will  he  yield  it  to  any  other  person. 

209.  A sentinel  will  arrest  suspicious  persons  prowl- 
ing about  the  post  or  camp  at  any  time,  all  parties  to  a 
disorder  occurring  on  or  near  his  post,  or  any  one  who 
attempts  to  enter  the  camp  at  night,  even  soldiers  of 
other  corps,  and  will  turn  over  all  persons  arrested  to 
the  corporal  of  the  guard, 

210.  He  will  at  once  report  to  the  corporal  of  the 
guard  every  unusual  or  suspicious  event  noticed. 

21 1*  If  relief  become  necessary,  by  reason  of  sick- 
ness or  other  cause,  the  sentinel  will  call,  “ Corporal  of 
the  Guard,  No.  ( — ),*  relief ,”  givingthe  number  of  liis  post. 

212.  To  call  the  corporal  of  the  guard  for  any  other 
purpose  than  for  relief,  the  sentinel  will  call,  “Corporal 
of  the  Guard,  No.  ( — ). ' ' 

213.  Whenever  relieved,  a sentinel  will  repeat,  in  de- 
tail, to  his  successor,  all  special  orders  relating  to  his  post. 

214.  If  a sentinel  is  to  be  relieved,  he  will  halt  and 
face  toward  the  relief  with  arms  at  a carry  when  the  re- 
lief is  fifteen  paces  from  him.  He  will  come  to  port 
arms  when  the  new  sentinel  halts.  (See  Pars.  145  and 
207.)  The  old  sentinel,  uuder  the  supervision  of  both 
corporals,  gives  in  a low  tone  his  instructions  to  the  one 
taking  post.  Both  sentinels  then  resume  carry,  face 
toward  the  new  corporal  and  step  back  so  as  to  allow  the 
relief  to  pass  in  front  of  them.  The  old  sentinel  takes 
his  place  in  rear  of  the  relief  as  it  passes  him,  his  piece 
in  tne  same  position  as  those  of  the  relief.  The  new 
sentinel  remains  at  a carry  until  the  relief  has  passed 
six  paces  beyond  him,  when  he  walks  his  post. 


ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  EXCEPT  AT  POST  OF  GUARD.  37 


815.  Between  retreat  (or  the  hour  designated  by  the 
commanding  officer)  and  broad  daylight,  it' a sentinel 
sees  any  person  or  party  on  or  near  his  post,  he  will  ad- 
vance rapidly  along  his  post  toward  such  person  or  party, 
and  when  within  about  thirty  paces  will  challenge  (see 
Par.  208)  sharply,  “Halt.  Who  is  there?”  He  will  place 
himself  in  the  best  position  to  receive  or,  if  necessary, 

I arrest  the  person  or  party.  . 

' 816.  In  case  a mounted  party  be  challenged,  the  sen- 
tinel will  call,  “Dismount ,”  after  challenging 
- 21^.  A sentinel  will  not  divulge  the  countersign  to 
any  one  except  the  sentinel  who  relieves  him,  or  to  a 
person  from  whom  he  properly  receives  orders,  on  such 
person’s  verbal  order  given  personally. 

44th  Article  of  War. — Any  person  belonging  to  the 
armies  of  the  United  States,  who  makes  known  the  watch- 
word to  any  person  not  entitled  to  receive  it,  according 
to  the  rules  and  discipline  of  war,  or  presume  to  give  a 
parole  or  watchword  different  from  that  which  he  re- 
ceived, shall  suffer  death,  or  such  other  punishment  as 
a court-martial  may  direct. 

ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  EXCEPT  THOSE  AT 
THE  POST  OF  THE  GUARD. 

218.  In  case  of  fire,  the  sentinel  will  call  “ Fire , No, 

( ),”  givingthe  number  of  his  post;  if  possible,  he  will 

extinguish  the  fire  by  his  own  efforts.  In  case  of  dis- 
order, he  will  call  “ The  Guard , No,  ( ).” 

If  the  danger  be  great,  he  will,  in  either  case,  discharge 
his  piece  before  calling. 

Night  Orders. 

219f  Until  duly  recognized  by  countersign  or  other- 
wise, the  sentinel  will  allow  no  one  to  approach  nearer 
than  about  ten  feet  from  him. 


38  ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  EXCEPT  AT  POST  OF  GUARD.  * 


220.  The  sentinel  will  suffer  one  only  of  any  party  to 
approach  him  for  the  purpose  of  giving- the  countersign, 
or,  if  no  countersign  be  used,  of  being  duly  recognized, 
When  this  has  been  done,  the  whole  party  is  advanced, 
i.e.,  allowed  to  pass. 

221.  In  all  cases  the  sentinel  must  satisfy  himself 
beyond  a reasonable  doubt  that  the  parties  are  what  they 
represent  themselves  to  be,  and  have  a right  to  pass.  If 
he  be  not  satisfied,  he  must  cause  them  to  stand,  and  call 
the  corporal  of  the  guard.  So,  likewise,  if  he  have  no 
authority  to  pass  persons  with  the  countersign,  or  when 
the  party'challenged  has  not  the  countersign,  or  gives 
an  incorrect  one. 

222.  When  two  or  more  persons  approach  in  one 
party,  the  sentinel,  on  receiving  an  answer  that  indicates 
that  some  one  in  the  party  has  the  countersign,  will  say 
“ Advnce  one  with  the  countersign , ' ’ and,  if  the  countersign 
is  given  correctly,  will  then  say,  “ Advance  (so  and  so),’ ’ 
repeating  the  answer  to  his  challenge.  Thus,  if  the  an- 
swer be  “Friends  with  the  countersign  (or  patrol,  or  etc.), 
the  sentinel  will  say  “Advance  one  with  the  countersign ,” 
then,  “ Advance  friends  (or  patrol,  or  etc.).” 

223.  If  a person  having  the  countersign  approach 
alone,  he  is  advanced  to  give  the  countersign.  Thus  : If 
the  answer  be,  “ Friend  with  the  countersign  (or  officer  of  the 
day,  or  etc.),  the  sentinel  will  say,  “ Advance  friend  (or  of- 
cer  of  the  day,  or  etc.),  with  the  countersign  then,  “ Ad- 
vance friend  (or  officer  of  the  day,  or  efc.).” 

224.  If  two  or  more  parties  approach  a sentinel's 
post  from  different  directions  at  the  same  time,  all  such 
parties  are  challenged  in  turn.  The  senior  is  first  ad- 
vanced, in  accordance  with  the  foregoing  rules. 

225.  If  a party  be  already  advanced,  and  in  communi- 
cation with  a sentinel,  the  latter  will  challenge  any  other 
party  that  may  approach  ; if  the  party  challenged  be 
senior  to  the  one  already  on  his  post,  the  sentinel  will 
advance  such  party  at  once.  The  senior,  if  competent, 


ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  EXCEPT  AT  POST  OF  GUARD.  39 


to  give  orders  to  the  sentinel,  may  direct  him  to  ad- 
vance any  or  all  of  the  other  parties.  Without  such 
direction  the  sentinel  will  not  advance  any  of  them 
until  the  senior  leaves  him.  He  will  then  advance  the 
senior  only  of  the  remaining  parties,  and  so  on. 

226.  The  following  order  of  rank  will  govern  a sen- 
tinel in  advancing  different  persons  or  parties  approach- 
ing his  post  at  night : Commanding  officer,  officer  of  the 
day,  officer  of  the  guard,  officers,  patrols,  non-commis- 
sioned officers  of  the  guard  in  the  order  of  rank,  friends. 

227.  The  sentinel  will  never  allow  himself  to  be  sur- 
prised, nor  permit  two  parties  to  advance  upon  him  at 
the  same  time. 

228.  After  challenging  and  duly  recognizing  an  offi- 
cer, the  sentinel,  unless  spoken  to,  salutes  and  resumes 
walking  his  post ; if  spoken  to,  he  continues  at  port  arms 
(see  Par.  207);  he  salutes  when  the  officer  leaves  him. 

229.  If  no  countersign  be  used,  the  rules  for  chal- 
lenging are  the  same.  The  rules  for  advancing  parties 
are  modified  only  as  follows  : Instead  of  saying  “ Advance 
(so  and  so)  with  the  cojntersign ,' ' thesentinefwill  say,  “Ad- 
vance (so  and  so)  to  be  recognized.  ’ ’ Upon  recognition  the 
sentinel  will  say,  “ Advance  (so  and  so).’’ 

The  same  rules  apply,  when  the  countersign  is  used, 
in  the  cases  of  persons  whom  the  .sentinel  is  authorized 
to  pass  without  the  countersign.  (See  Par.  48.) 

236.  When  not  in  the  presence  of  the  enemy,  senti- 
nels may  be  required  to  call  the  hours  and  half  hours 
between  t lie  time  when  challenging*  begins  and  reveille. 

When  this  is  required,  they  will  call  successively  in 
the  numerical  order  of  their  posts,  beginning*  at  the 
guardhouse  (see  Par.  241),  each  one  giving  the  number 
of  his  post,  repeating  the  hour  of  the  night,  then  adding  : 
“ All’s  well.”  Thus:  “No  2,  eleven  o’clock.  AH' swell.” 
This  call  should  be  made,  and  the  number  of  the  post 
and  the  hour  announced  in  a clear  and  distinct  manner, 
without  unduly  prolonging  the  words. 


40  ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  AT  POST  OF  GUARD. 

231.  In  case  any  sentinel  fails  to  call  off,  the  one 
next  preceding-  him  will  repeat  the  call ; if  the  call  is  not 
taken  up  within  a reasonable  time,  he  will  call  the 
corporal  of  the  guard  and  report  the  facts. 

ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  AT  THE  POST  OF  THE 
GUARD. 

232.  The  following  examples  illustrate  the  manner 
in  which  a sentinel  at  the  post  of  the  guard  turns  out  the 
guard  : “ Turn  out  the  guard , commanding  officer,  “ Turn  out 
the  guard,  Governor  of  Territory,”  “ Turn  out  the  guard,  na- 
tional colors,”  “ Turn  out  the  guard,  armed  party,”  etc. 

At  the  approach  of  the  new  guard  at  guard  mount- 
ing, the  sentinel  will  call,  as  in  the  last  example  : “Turn 
out  the  guard,  armed  party.  ’ ’ 

233.  Should  the  person  named  by  the  sentinel  not 
desire  the  guard  formed,  he  will  salute  and  say,  “Never 
mind  the  guard,  ’ ’ whereupon  the  sentinel  calls,  “Never  mind 
the  guard.  ’ ’ 

234.  After  having  called,  “Turnout  the  guard,”  the 
sentinel  will  not,  in  any  case,  call,  “Never  mind  the 
guard,  ’ ’ oh  the  approach  of  an  armed  party. 

235.  Though  the  guard  be  already  formed,  he  will 
not  fail  to  call,  “Turn  out  the  guard,”  as  required  in  his 
general  orders,  except  as  provided  in  paragraph  236. 

236.  If  two  or  more  persons  entitled  to  the  compli- 
ment approach  at  the  same  time,  the  sentinel  will  call 
for  the  senior  only;-  if  the  senior  does  not  desire  the 
guard  formed,  the  sentinel  then  calls,  “Never  mind  the 
guard.  ’ ' The  guard  will  not  be  turned  out  for  an  officer 
while  a senior  entitled  to  the  compliment  is  at  or  com- 
ing' to  the  post  of  the  guard. 

237.  The  sentinels  at  the  post  of  the  guard  will  warn 
the  commander  of  the  approach  of  any  armed  body,  and 
to  arrest  all  suspicious  or  disorderly  persons.  They  will 
not  permit  enlisted  men  to  pass  without  reporting-,  unless 


COMPLIMENTS  FROM  SENTINELS. 


41 


orders  to  the  contrary  have  been  given  by  the  command- 
ing officer. 

23§,  In  case  of  fire  or  disorder  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
guardhouse,  the  sentinel  posted  there  will  call  the  cor- 
poral of  the  guard  and  report  the  facts  to  him. 

Night  Orders. 

239.  After  receiving  an  answer  to  his  challenge,  the 
sentinel  calls,  “ Corporal  of  the  guard  (so  and  so),”  repeat- 
ing the  answer  to  his  challenge.  He  does  not  in  such 
cases  repeat  the  number  of  his  post. 

240.  He  remains  in  the  position  assumed  in  challeng- 
ing until  the  corporal  of  the  guard  advances  the  person 
challenged  to  give  the  countersign  or  for  recognition, 
when  he  resumes  walking  his  post,  ory  if  the  party  be 
entitled  thereto,  he  salutes,  and,  as  soon  as  the  salute  is 
acknowledged,  resumes  walking  his  post. 

241.  In  calling  the  hours  of  the  night,  No.  1 will,  at 
the  direction  of  a non-commissioned  officer  of  the  guard, 
call,  “/l/o.  7,  (such)  o'clock.”  After  the  call  has  passed 
around  the  chain  of  sentinels  he  will  call  “ All’s  well.” 

COMPLIMENTS  FROM  SENTINELS. 

242.  The  salute  of  a sentinel  will  habitually  be  ren- 
dered without  halting  for  the  purpose. 

An  infantry  sentinel  will  salute  with  the  rifle  salute ; a 
cavalry  sentinel  with  the  saber  drawn, whether  mounted 
or  dismounted,  will  salute  with  the  present ; armed  with 
the  carbine,  if  dismounted,  he  will  salute  with  the  carbine 
salute ; if  mounted,  he  will  advance  carbine. 

In  other  cases,  the  sentinel  will  salute  with  the  hand. 

243.  A line  of  sentinels  posted  as  in  Escorts  of  Honor 
will  present  arms  at  the  command  of  the  chief  of  the 
detachment,  unless  the  length  of  the  line  or  intervals 
between  sentinels  make  such  a salute  inappropriate,  in 


42 


COMPLIMENTS  FROM  SENTINELS. 


which  case  each  sentinel  salutes  as  prescribed  in  Par. 
242. 

The  present  arms  is  used  as  the  simultaneous  salute 
rendered  by  a body  of  men  at  command  ; the  salute  pre- 
scribed in  Par.  242  is  the  individual  salute. 

244.  Saluting*  distance  is  the  limit  within  which  in- 
dividuals and  the  insignia  of  rank  can  be  readily  recog- 
nized ; it  is  assumed  to  be  about  thirty  paces. 

245.  A sentinel  will  salute  an  officer  approaching 
when  he  arrives  within  about  six  paces ; but  if,  after 
coming  within  saluting  distance,  the  officer  does  not 
approach  within  six  paces,  the  sentinel  salutes  when  the 
officer  arrives  nearest  him,  or  just  before  he  crosses  the  , 
sentinel’s  post. 

The  same  rules  apply  when  a color  or  standard  not 
cased,  carried  by  a color  guard  or  any  armed  party,  or 
when  the  officer  commanding  a party,  whether  armed  or 
unarmed,  passes;  so  also  when  the  remains  of  a deceased 
officer  or  soldier  are  carried  past. 

24th  In  case  of  the  approach  of  an  armed  party  of 
the  guard,  the  sentinel  will  halt  when  it  is  about  fifteen 
paces  from  him,  facing  toward  the  party,  with  his  piece 
at  a carry.  If  not  himself  relieved,  he  will,  as  the  party 
passes,  place  himself  so  that  it  will  pass  in  front  of  him  ; 
he  resumes  walking  his  post  when  the  party  has  passed  , 
six  paces  beyond  him. 

The  same  rules  apply  in  the  case  of  the  approach  of  ! 
the  new  or  old  guard.  { 

247,  Sentinels  will  not  salute  nor  halt  on  the  approach  < 
of  any  armed  or  unarmed  party  of  troops,  except  as  pro-  i 
vided  for  in  Par.  246.  In  any  case,  if  the  party  be  com-  ' 
manded  by  a commissioned  officer,  the  sentinel  will  sa-  \ 
lute  him  as  prescribed  in  Par.  245. 

248.  On  the  approach  of  an  officer  from  whom  he 
properly  receives  orders,  a sentinel  will  walk  his  post 
toward  the  officer,  and,  if  not  spoken  to,  will  salute  as 
prescribed  in  Par.  245  ; if  spoken  to,  he  will  halt,  facing 


COMPLIMENTS  FROM  GUARDS. 


43 


toward  the  officer,  his  piece  at  port  arms  (see  Par.  207) ; 
he  salutes  when  the  officer  leaves  him. 

The  same  will  be  observed  in  the  case  of  the  approach 
of  a non-commissioned  officer  of  the  guard,  except  that 
the  sentinel  does  not  salute. 

249.  An  officer  is  entitled  to  the  compliments  pre- 
scribed, whether  in  uniform  or  not. 

250.  If  an  officer  or  group  of  officers  remain  on  or 
near  a sentinel’s  post,  the  sentinel  salutes  but  once, 
continuing  to  walk  his  post. 

251.  A sentinel  at  port  arms , and  in  communication 
with  an  officer,  will  not  interrupt  the  communication  to 
salute  a junior,  unless  directed  by  the  senior  to  do  so. 

COMPLIMENTS  FROM  GUARDS. 

252.  Between  reveille  and  retreat,  the  guard  of  a post 
or  camp  turns  out  and  presents  arms  to  the  following : 

The  President,  Vice  President,  Members  of  the  Cabinet, 
the  Chief  Justice,  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representa- 
tives of  the  United  States  ; Governors  in  their  respective 
States  or  Territories ; the  Sovereign  or  Chief  Magistrate 
of  a foreign  state ; the  Heir  Apparent  and  Consort  of  the 
reigning  sovereign  of  a foreign  state ; all  general  offi- 
cers of  the  army ; general  officers  of  a foreign  service 
visiting  at  a post ; naval,  marine,  volunteer,  and  militia 
officers  in  the  service  of  the  United  States  and  holding 
the  relative  rank  of  a general  officer ; American  or  for- 
eign envoys  or  ministers  ; commanding  officer  of  the  post 
or  camp,  and  the  officer  of  the  day. 

253.  The  relative  rank  of  officers  of  the  navy  and 
army  is  as  follows  : Admiral,  general ; vice  admiral,  lieu- 
tenant general ; rear  admiral,  major  general ; commo- 
dore, brigadier  general ; captain,  colonel;  commander, 
lieutenant  colonel ; lieutenant  commander,  major  ; lieu- 
tenant, captain  ; lieutenant  (junior  grade),  first  lieu- 
tenant ; ensign,  second  lieutenant.  (A.  R.  11,  1889.) 

254.  Guards  will  turn  out  and  present  arms  when  the 
national  or  regimental  colors  or  standards,  not  cased,  are 

4 


44 


SPECIAL  ORDERS. 


carried  past  by  a color  guard  or  any  armed  party.  This 
rule  applies  also  when  the  party  carrying  the  colors  is 
at  drill. 

Colors  and  standards  when  cased  will  not  be  saluted 
nor  will  the  guard  turn  out  for  them. 

255.  All  guards  will  turn  out  under  arms  when  armed 
parties  approach  their  posts  ; to  parties  commanded  by 
commissioned  officers  they  will  present  arms,  officers 
saluting. 

256.  The  old  guard  will  turn  out  and  present  arms  on 
the  approach  of  the  new  guard,  and  the  new  guard  will 
present  arms  as  the  old  guard  marches  past,  commanders 
of  both  guards  saluting  in  both  cases,  whatever  be  the 
grade  of  either  commander. 

257.  In  case  the  remains  of  a deceased  officer  or 
soldier  are  carried  past,  the  guard,  if  formed,  will  pre- 
sent arms. 

25 §.  Guards  will  turn  out  and  present  arms  to  officers 
entitled  to  the  compliment  as  often  as  they  pass.  The 
personal  guard  of  a general  officer  will  turn  out  to  him 
and  to  his  superiors  in  rank  only. 

259.  All  guards  and  sentinels  will  pay  the  same  com- 
pliments to  civil  officers  of  the  government,  to  officers  in 
the  military  or  civil  service  of  foreign  powers,  to  officers 
of  the  navy  and  marine  corps,  and  to  officers  of  volun- 
teers and  militia  when  in  the  service  of  the  United  States, 
that  are  directed  to  be  paid  to  officers  of  the  army  of 
corresponding  rank.  (See  Pars.  252  and  253.) 

260.  Guards  do  not  turn  out  as  a matter  of  compli- 
ment after  sunset,  nor  will  any  compliments  be  paid  by 
the  guard  between  retreat  and  reveille. 

SPECIAL  ORDERS. 

261.  Special  orders  define  the  duties  to  be  performed 
by  a sentinel  on  a particular  post,  and  are  prescribed  by 
the  commanding  officer. 


COLOR  LINE  AND  SENTINELS 


45 


262.  The  number,  limits  and  extent  of  his  post  will 
invariably  constitute  part  of  the  special  orders  of  every 
sentinel  on  post.  The  limits  of  his  post  should  be  so  de- 
fined as  to  include  every  place  to  which  he  is  required  to 
go  in  the  performance  of  his  duties. 

263.  The  sentinel  at  the  commanding  officer’s  tent 
will  warn  him,  day  or  night,  of  any  unusual  movement 
in  or  about  the  camp. 

264.  Special  orders  for  sentinels  over  the  colors  and 
over  prisoners  will  be  found  in  Pars.  272,  297,  298  and  299. 

COLOR  LINE  AND  SENTINELS. 

265.  A sufficient  number  of  sentinels,  not  to  exceed 
three,  is  placed  on  the  color  line  to  guard  the  colors  and 
stacks. 

266.  In  camps  of  instruction,  the  proper  number  of 
sentinels  for  the  color  line  will  be  selected  from  the 
guard  by  the  adjutant  at  guard  mounting,  the  requird 
number  of  extra  men  being  detailed  for  guard  for  this 
purpose.  They  are  designated  color  sentinels , and  are 
selected  in  the  manner  prescribed  for  the  selection  of  the 
orderly  for  the  commanding  officer.  (See  Par.  183.) 

267.  Color  sentinels  so  selected  are  on  post  only  so 
long  as  the  stacks  are  formed.  If  necessary,  their  places 
are  taken  at  night  by  the  other  sentinels  posted  on  the 
color  front  or  on  the  flanks. 

268.  When  stacks  are  broken,  the  color  sentinels  may 
be  permitted  to  return  to  their  respective  companies. 
They  are  required  to  report  in  person  to  the  commander 
of  the  guard  at  reveille  and  retreat.  They  will  fall  in 
with  the  guard,  under  arms,  at  guard  mounting. 

269.  Color  sentinels  are  not  placed  on  the  regular 
reliefs,  nor  is  their  post  numbered.  In  calling  for  the 
corporal  of  the  guard,  they  call,  4 4 Corporal  of  the  guard, 
Color  line .” 


46 


SUPERNUMERARIES — PRISONERS. 


270,  The  time  of  walking  post  on  the  color  line  is 
equally  divided  among  the  color  sentinels  by  the  com- 
mander of  the  guard. 

27  B.  A color  sentinel  on  post  is  subject  to  and  will 
observe  all  the  general  orders  prescribed  for  sentinels  on 
other  posts. 

Special  orders  for  color  sentinel's. 

272.  A sentinel  placed  over  the  colors  will  not  permit 
them  to  be  moved  except  in  presence  of  an  armed  escort. 

He  will  allow  no  one  to  touch  them  but  the  color  bearer, 
or  a non-commissioned  officer  of  the  guard  when  he  is  • 
accompanied  by  two  armed  men. 

He  will  not  permit  any  soldiers  to  take  arms  from  the  * 
stacks,  or  to  touch  them,  except  by  order  of  an  officer,  or  ; 
a non-commissioned  officer  of  the  guard. 

If  any  person  passing  the  colors  or  crossing  the  color 
line  fail  to  salute  the  colors,  the  sentinel  will  caution  him 
to  do  so,  and  if  the  caution  be  not  heeded,  he  will  call  : 
the  corporal  of  the  guard  and  report  the  facts. 

SUPERNUMERARIES. 

273.  Supernumeraries  will  not  be  allowed  to  leave 
the  camp  or  garrison  ; they  will  hold  themselves  con-  • 
stantly  in  readiness  for  detail  as  members  of  the  guard.  < 
They  will  not,  however,  be  excused  from  ordinary  camp  , 
or  garrison  duties,  but  will  not  be  detailed  for  anything  i 
that  may  interfere  with  their  duties  as  supernumeraries. 
(See  Pars.  32  to  34.) 

PRISONERS. 

274.  The  following  articles  of  war  bear  directly  upon 
the  subject  of  the  confinement  of  prisoners  by  a military 
guard,  and  the  provisions  must  be  carefully  observed  : 


PRISONERS. 


47 


Article  66.  Soldiers  charged  with  crimes  shall  be  con- 
fined until  tried  by  court-martial,  or  released  by  proper 
authority. 

Art.  67.  No  provost  marshal,  or  officer  commanding  a 
guard,  shall  refuse  to  receive  or  keep  any  prisoner  com- 
mitted to  his  charge  by  an  officer  belonging  to  the  forces 
of  the  United  States ; provided  the  officer  committing 
shall,  at  the  same  time,  deliver  an  account  in  writing, 
signed  by  himself,  of  the  crime  charged  against  the 
prisoner. 

Art.  68.  Every  officer  to  whose  charge  a prisoner  is 
committed  shall,  within  twenty-four  hours  after  such 
commitment,  or  as  soon  as  he  is  relie  ved  from  his  guard, 
report  in  writing  to  the  commanding  officer  the  name  of 
such  prisoner,  the  crime  charged  against  him,  and  the 
name  of  the  officer  committing  him  ; and  if  he  fails  to 
make  such  report,  he  shall  be  punished  as  a court-mar- 
tial may  direct. 

Art.  69.  Any  officer  who  presumes,  without  proper 
authority,  to  release  any  prisoner  committed  to  his 
charge,  or  suffers  any  prisoner  so  committed  to  escape, 
shall  be  punished  as  a court-martial  may  direct. 

Art.  70.  No  officer  or  soldier  in  arrest  shall  be  con- 
tinued in  confinement  more  than  eight  days,  or  until 
such  time  as  a court-martial  can  be  assembled. 

275.  The  Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States  con- 
tain the  following  section  : 

Section  2151.  No  person  apprehended  by  military 
force  under  the  preceding  section  shall  be  detained 
longer  than  five  days  after  arrest  and  before  removal. 
All  officers  and  soldiers  who  may  have  any  such  person 
in  custody  shall  treat  him  with  all  the  humanity  whicli 
the  circumstances  may  permit.  The  preceding  section 
referred  to,  Section  2150,  R.  S.,  provides  for  the  employ- 
ment, by  direction  of  the  President,  of  the  military  forces 
of  the  United  States  in  the  execution  of  certain  laws  re- 
lative to  Indians,  and  to  the  Indian  country. 


48 


PRISONERS. 


27%,  The  commander  of  a guard  will  place  a civilian 
in  confinement  on  an  order  from  higher  authority  only, 
unless  such  civilian  be  arrested  while  in  the  act  of  com- 
mitting some  crime  within  the  limits  of  the  military  i 
jurisdiction  : in  which  case  the  commanding  officer  will 
be  immediately  notified. 

277.  Civilian  prisoners  and  soldiers  in  confinement 
belongingto  other  commands  are  temporarily  attached 
to  companies  for  rations. 

278.  Non-commissioned  officers  will  not  be  confined 
at  the  guardhouse  in  company  with  privates,  except  in 
aggravated  cases  where  escape  is  feared,  but  will  be 
placed  in  arrest  in  their  barracks  or  quarters. 

Their  names  will  be  entered  on  the  guard  report,  and 
at  formations  of  their  companies,  troops,  or  batteries,  “ 
they  will  report  to  the  commander  of  the  guard  unless  J 
required  to  attend  with  their  companies,  etc. ; if  the  . 
guard  is  paraded  at  the  same  time,  they  take  their  places 
in  the  line  of  file  closers  of  the  guard. 

279.  The  arrest  of  anon-commissioned  officer  or  the 
confinement  of  a soldier  will,  as  soon  as  practicable,  be 
reported  to  his  company  or  detachment  commander  by 
the  officer  authorizing  the  arrest. 

An  officer  ordering  a soldier  into  confinement 
will  send,  as  soon  as  practicable,  a written  statement,  • 
signed  by  himself, to  the  commander  of  the  guard,  setting  ; 
forth  the  name,  company,  and  regiment  of  such  soldier,  • 
and  a brief  statement  of  his  alleged  offense.  It  is  sui-  ; 
ficient  statement  of  the  offense  to  give  the  number  of  j 
the  article  of  war  under  which  the  soldier  is  charged.  < 

2§1.  A prisoner,  after  his  first  day  of  confinement,  , 
and  until  his  sentence  has  been  duly  promulgated,  is  con-  ’f 
sidered  as  held  in  confinement  under  the  authority  of  the  \ 
‘commanding  officer.  After  the  due  promulgation  of  his 
sentence,  the  prisoner  is  held  in  confinement  by  authority 
of  the  officer  who  reviews  the  proceedings  of  the  court 
awarding  sentence.  The  commander  of  the  guard  will 


PRISONERS. 


49 


state  in  his  report,  in  the  proper  place,  the  name  of  the 
officer  by  whom  the  prisoner  was  originally  confined. 

When  court-martial  orders  are  to  "be  published 
at  parade,  the  prisoners  whose  sentences  are  to  be  pub- 
lished will  be  marched  by  a detachment  of  the  guard  of 
suitable  strength,  commanded  by  a sergeant,  and  with 
at  least  one  non-commissioned  officer  or  private  as  file 
closer.  The  prisoners  will  be  placed  in  the  center  of  the 
detachment.  As  soon  as  the  battalion  is  formed,  the 
sergeant  will  march  his  party  to  a position  behind  the 
most  convenient  flank  of  the  battalion  and  halt  it  there, 
the  outer  flank  of  the  detachment  opposite  the  outer 
flank  of  the  battalion,  and  the  front  rank  of  the  detach- 
ment three  paces  behind  the  line  of  file  closers.  If  at 
regimental  parade,  the  detachment  will  be  halted  in 
rear  of  the  most  convenient  flank  of  the  center  or  right 
center  battalion.  The  sergeant  will,  in  a low  voice, 
bring  the  detachment  to  order  arms  and  parade  rest,  so 
as  to  correspond  to  the  manual  of  the  battalion. 

During  the  exercises  in  the  manual  the  detachment 
stands  fast  at  an  order.  At  the  adjutant’s  directions  to 
bring  forward  the  prisoners,  the  sergeant  will  march  his 
party,  at  a carry,  by  the  most  convenient  means  around 
the  flank  and  along  the  front  of  the  battalion  three  paces 
in  front  of  the  line  of  company  officers,  until  opposite 
the  center  of  the  battalion,  where  he  will  halt  it,  face  it 
to  the  front,  and  order  arms.  Each  prisoner,  as  his  name 
is  called,  will  step  three  paces  to  the  front,  halt,  uncover, 
and  remain  uncovered  during*  the  publication  of  the 
orders  in  his  case.  He  will  then  cover,  face  abbut,  and 
take  his  place  in  the  detachment.  When  all  the  court- 
martial  orders  have  been  published,  the  adjutant  will 
direct  the  sergeant  to  remove  the  prisoners.  The  ser- 
geant then  marches  his  party,  arms  at  a carry,  by  the 
most  convenient  means,  along  the  front  until  past  flank 
of  the  battalion,  and  if  at  battalion  parade,  by  the  most 
direct  route  back  to  the  guard;  if  at  regimental  parade, he 


50 


PRISONERS. 


marches  his  party  around  the  same  flank  as  before, 
and  thence  in  rear  of  the  file  closers  by  the  most  direct 
route  back  to  the  guard. 

A soldier  who  has  been  acquitted  will  not  be  paraded 
in  front  of  the  battalion  to  hear  the  orders  in  his  case 
published;  nor  will  a non-commissioned  officer  be  so 
paraded  unless  his  offense  has  been  an  aggravated  one, 
or  his  sentence  imposes  reduction  to  the  ranks  ; in  this 
case  his  chevrons  will  be  removed  before  he  is  paraded 
with  the  detachment. 

When  the  orders  are  not  to  be  read  at  parade, 
the  officer  of  the  guard,  or  officer  of  the  day  if  there  be 
no  officer  of  the  guard,  will  read  the  sentences  of  pris-  • 
oners  to  them  when  the  order  promulgating  the  same 
is  received. 

2§4.  A sentence  to  confinement  is  operative  from  the  \ 
date  of  the  order  promulgating  it,  if  the  person  sen-  , 
tenced  be  then  in  custody;  or,  if  a date  is  expressly  fixed 
by  the  sentence,  or  in  the  order  promulgating  the  pro- 
ceedings, the  sentence  will  be  operative  from  such  date.  . 
(A.  R.  1025,  1889.) 

2§5.  When  soldiers,  either  undergoing  or  awaiting 
sentence,  commit  offenses  for  which  they  are  tried  and  ' 
sentenced,  the  second  sentence  will  be  executed  upon 
the  expiration  of  the  first,  unless  the  reviewing  author- 
ity orders  otherwise. 

2§6.  Solitary  confinement,  or  confinement  on  bread 
and  water  diet,  shall  not  exceed  fourteen  days  at  a time,  ! 
nor  be  again  enforced  until  a period  of  fourteen  days  i 
has  elapsed,  nor  shall  such  confinement  exceed  eighty-  < 
four  days  in  any  one  year.  < 

2§7.  Prisoners  awaiting  trial  by,  or  undergoing  sen-  i 
tence  of,  general  court-martial,  and  those  confined  for  \ 
serious  offenses  will,  if  practicable,  be  kept  apart  from 
those  confined  by  sentence  of  a garrison  court,  or  for 
minor  offenses. 

As  far  as  practicable,  enlisted  men  in  confinement 


PRISONERS, 


51 


awaiting  trial  or  sentence  will  not  be  sent  out  to  work 
with  prisoners  undergoing  sentence.  While  thus  con- 
fined they  may,  in  the  discretion  of  the  commanding 
officer,  be  required  to  attend  drills  and  be  sent  out  to 
work  under  charge  of  a sentinel  during  the  usual  work- 
ing hours  in  a garrison,  separately  from  prisoners  under- 
going sentence. 

288.  When  prisoners  are  committed  to  the  charge  of 
the  guard,  all  articles  not  proper  for  prisoners  to  retain 
while  in  confinement  will  be  taken  from  them.  Such 
articles,  labeled  with  the  owner’s  name,  will  be  handed 
to  the  commander  of  the  guard.  They  will  be,  with  all 
money  and  valuables,  turned  overto  the  commander  of 
the  company  to  which  the  prisoner  belongs  or  is  tempo- 
rarily attached;  papers  showing  the  kind  of  articles  and 
list  of  valuables  will  be  placed  on  file  in  the  adjutant’s 
office,  which  action  will  be  noted  on  the  guard  report. 
All  articles  and  money  will  be  returned  to  the  prisoners 
when  discharged  from  the  guardhouse  ; the  command- 
ing officer  will  cause  the  fact  to  be  noted  on  the  guard 
report  and  on  the  back  of  original  papers  or  list  filed 
with  the  company  commander. 

289.  Prisoners  will  be  required  to  pay  proper  atten- 
tion to  cleanliness  of  person.  Each  prisoner  will  be  re- 
quired to  wash  himself  at  least  once  each  day,  or  oftener 
if  necessary.  Each  prisoner  should  be  required  to  bathe 
his  whole  person  at  least  once  a week. 

290.  Prisoners  will  be  furnished  with  food  from  the 
general  mess,  their  respective  companies,  or  from  the 
companies  to  which  they  may  be  temporarily  attached. 

The  food  of  the  prisoners  will,  when  practicable,  be 
sent  to  their  places  of  confinement,  but  post  command- 
ers may  arrange  to  send  the  prisoners,  under  proper 
guard,  to  their  messes  for  meals. 

291.  Enlisted  men  bringing  meals  for  the  prisoners 
will  not  be  allowed  to  enter  the  prison  room. 


52 


SENTINELS  IN  CHARGE  OF  PRISONERS. 


292.  The  working*  hours  of  prisoners,  except  when 
otherwise  directed  by  the  commanding  officer,  are  from 
reveille  until  retreat,  with  proper  intermissions  for 
meals. 

293.  No  prisoners  will  be  allowed  to  leave  the  guard- 
house unless  under  the  special  charge  of  a sentinel. 

294.  Prisoners  reporting  themselves  sick  at  sick  call, 
or  at  the  time  designated  by  the  commanding  officer, 
will  be  sent  to  the  hospital  under  charge  of  proper 
guard,  with  a sick  report  kept  for  the  purpose.  The  re- 
commendation of  the  surgeon  will  be  entered  in  the 
guard  report. 

295.  Prisoners  will  be  paraded  with  the  guard  at 
reveille  and  retreat  roll  calls  and,  except  those  out  at 
work,  at  guard  mounting,  but  at  no  other  times. 

290.  A prisoner  under  charge  of  a sentinel  will  not 
salute  an  officer. 

SPECIAL  ORDERS  FOR  SENTINELS  IN  CHARGE 
OF  PRISONERS. 

For  the  sentinels  at  the  guardhouse. 

297.  The  sentinel  at  the  post  of  the  guard  has  charge 
of  the  prisoners.  He  will  allow  none  to  escape  or  to 
cross  his  post  except  under  proper  guard. 

He  will  allow  no  one  to  communicate  in  any  way  with 
prisoners  without  permission  from  proper  authority. 

He  will  at  once  report  to  the  corporal  of  the  guard  any 
suspicious  noise  made  by  prisoners. 

He  must  be  prepared  to  tell,  whenever  asked,  how 
many  prisoners  are  in  the  guardhouse,  and  how  many 
are  at  work,  or  elsewhere. 

Whenever  prisoners  pass  his  post,  returning  from 
work,  he  will  call  the  corporal  of  the  guard,  notifying 
him  of  the  number  of  prisoners  so  returning.  Thus : 
“ Corporal  of  the  guard , {so  many)  prisoners.” 


SENTINELS  IN  CHARGE  OF  PRISONERS. 


53 


If  a prisoner  attempts  to  escape,  the  sentinel  will  call 
“Halt.”  If  lie  fails  to  halt  when  the  sentinel  has  once 
repeated  his  call,  and  if  there  be  no  other  possible  means 
of  preventing  his  escape,  the  sentinel  will  fire  upon  him. 

The  following  will  more  fully  explain  the  important 
duties  of  the  sentinel  in  this  connection  : 

War  Department, 

Adjutant  General’s  Office, 
Washington,  November  i,  1881. 

(Circular.) 

By  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  War  the  following  is 
published  for  the  information  of  the  Army  : 

U.  S.  CIRCUIT  COURT,  E.  D.  OF  MICH.,  AUG.  1,  1887. 

The  United  States  v.  James  Clark. 

The  Circuit  Court  has  jurisdiction  of  a homicide  committed  hv  one  soldier 
upon  another  within  a military  reservation  of  the  United  States. 

If  a homicide  be  committed  by  a military  guard  without  malice,  and  in 
the  performance  of  his  supposed  duty  as  a soldier,  such  homicide  is 
excusable,  unless  it  was  manifestly  beyond  the  scope  of  his  author- 
ity, or  was  such  that  a man  of  ordinary  sense  and  understanding 
would  know  that  it  was  illegal. 

It  seems  that  the  sergeant  of  the  guard  has  a right  to  shoot  a military 
convict  if  there  be  no  other  possible  means  of  preventing  his  escape. 
The  common  law  distinction  between  felonies  and  misdemeanors  has 
no  application  to  military  offenses. 

While  the  finding  of  a Court  of  Inquiry  acquitting  the  prisoner  of  all 
blame  is  not  a legal  bar  to  a prosecution,  it  is  entitled  to  weight  as 
an  expression  of  the  views  of  the  military  court  of  the  necessity  of 
using  a musket  to  prevent  the  escape  of  the  deceased. 

******* 

By  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War: 

R.  G.  Drum, 

Adjutant  General. 


54 


SENTINELS  IN  CHARGE  OF  PRISONERS. 


The  following  is  taken  from  Circular  No.  3 of  1883, 
from  Headquarters  Department  of  the  Columbia: 


Vancouver  Barracks,  W.  T., 

April  20,  1883. 

To  the  Assistant  Adjutant  General, 

Department  of  the  Columbia. 

Sir: 

********* 

A sentinel  is  placed  as  guard  over  prisoners  to  prevent  their  escape, 
and,  for  this  purpose,  he  is  furnished  a musket,  with  ammunition.  To 
prevent  escape  is  his  first  and  most  important  duty. 

I suppose  the  law  to  be  this:  That  a sentinel  shall  not  use  more  force 
or  violence  to  prevent  the  escape  of  a prisoner  than  is  necessary  to  effect 
that  object,  but  if  the  prisoner,  after  being  ordered  to  halt,  continues  his 
flight,  the  sentinel  may  maim  or  even  kill  him.  and  it  is  his  duty  to  do  so. 

A sentinel  who  allows  a prisoner  to  escape  without  firing  upon  him, 
and  firing  to  hit  him,  is,  in  my  judgment,  guilty  of  a most  serious 
military  offense,  for  which  he  should  and  would  be  severely  punished 
by  a general  court-martial. 

********* 


Signed:  Henry  A.  Morrow, 

Colonel  21st  Infantry , Commanding  Post. 


[Third  endorsement.] 

Office  Judge  Advocate, 
Military  Division  of  the  Pacific, 
May  11 , 1883. 

Respectfully  returned  to  the  Assistant  Adjutant  General,  Military 
Division  of  the  Pacific,  concurring  fully  in  the  views  expressed  by 
Colonel  Morrow.  I was  not  aware  that  such  a view  had  ever  been 
questioned.  That  the  period  is  a time  of  peace  does  not  affect  the  author- 
ity and  duty  of  the  sentinel  or  guard  to  fire  upon  the  escaping  prisoner, 
if  this  escape  cannot  otherwise  be  prevented.  He  should,  of  course, 
attempt  to  stop  the  prisoner  before  firing, by  ordering  him  to  halt,  and  will 
properly  warn  him  by  the  words,  “ Halt  or  I fire,”  or  words  to  such  effect. 

W.  Winthrop, 

Judge  Advocate. 


[Fourth  endorsement.] 

Headquarters 

Military  Division  of  the  Pacific, 
May  11.  1883. 

Respectfully  returned  to  the  Commanding  General,  Department  of  the 
Columbia, approving  the  opinion  of  the  commanding  officer  21st  Infantry. 


GUARD  PATROLS. 


55 


and  of  the  Judge  Advocate  of  the  Division,  in  respect  to  the  duty  of  and 
method  to  be  adopted  by  sentinels  in  preventing  prisoners  from  escaping. 
********* 

By  command  of  Major  General  Schofield: 

J.  C.  Keeton, 

Assistant  Adjutant  General. 

For  sentinels  in  charge  of  prisoners  at  work. 

298.  A sentinel  in  charge  of  prisoners  at  work  will 
not  suffer  them  to  escape  nor  allow  them  to  converse 
with  each  other,  nor  with  any  person  without  permis- 
sion from  proper  authority.  He  will  not  himself  speak 
to  them,  except  in  the  execution  of  his  duty.  He  will 
see  that  they  do  not  straggle  and  are  orderly  in  deport- 
ment and  that  they  keep  constantly  at  work. 

He  will  keep  his  prisoners  constantly  in  front  of  him, 
and  never  allow  them  to  walk  at  his  side  or  in  his  rear. 
He  will  not  at  any  time  lose  sight  of  them.  When  an 
officer  approaches,  or  when  he  approaches  an  officer 
within  six  paces,  he  will  salute  with  the  rifle  salute, 
taking  care  to  keep  his  prisoners  constantly  in  front  of 
him. 

It  is  proper,  however,  in  the  discretion  of  the  com- 
manding officer,  to  direct  that  sentinels  in  charge  of 
prisoners  render  no  compliment,  when  such  orders  are 
necessary  in  order  that  the  sentinel  may  not  have  his 
attention  diverted  from  the  prisoners  under  his  charge, 
and  that  he  may  be  held  to  strict  accountability  for 
their  safekeeping  in  situations  favorable  for  escape. 

299.  In  crossing  the  post  of  the  sentinel  at  the  guard- 
house a sentinel  in  charge  of  prisoners  will  call,  “ Mo.  1 , 
{so  many ) prisoners 

The  duties  of  sentinels,  in  case  prisoners  attempt  to 
escape,  are  explained  in  Par.  297. 

GUARD  PATROLS. 

300.  A guard  patrol  is  a small  detachment  of  two  or 
more  men  detailed  to  observe  and  procure  information 


56 


COUNTERSIGNS  AND  PAROLES. 


of  the  enemy,  or  for  the  performance  of  some  special 
service  connected  with  guard  duty.  Patrols  are  usually 
detailed  from  the  guard  and  receive  instructions  from 
its  commander. 

501.  If  the  patrol  be  required  to  go  beyond  the  chain 
of  sentinels,  the  officer  or  non-commissioned  officer  in 
command  will  be  furnished  with  the  countersign,  and 
the  outposts  and  sentinels  warned. 

50 2.  If  challenged  by  a sentinel,  the  patrol  is  halted 
by  its  commander,  and  the  non-commissioned  officer  ac- 
companying it  advances  alone  and  gives  the  countersign. 

COUNTERSIGNS  AND  PAROLES. 

SOS.  As  the  communications  containing  the  parole 
and  the  countersign  must  at  times  be  distributed  by 
many  orderlies,  the  parole  entrusted  to  many  officers, 
and  the  countersigns  besides  to  numerous  sentinels,  and 
both  must  for  large  commands  be  prepared  several  days 
in  advance,  there  is  always  danger  of  being  lost  or 
otherwise  disclosed  to  persons  who  would  make  improper 
use  of  them;  moreover,  a sentinel  is  too  apt  to  take  it  for 
granted  that  any  person  who  gives  the  right  countersign 
is  what  he  represents  himself  to  be;  hence  for  outpost 
duty  there  is  greater  security  in  omitting  the  use  of  the 
countersign  and  parole,  or  using  them  with  great  caution. 
The  chief  reliance  should  be  upon  personal  recognition 
or  identification  of  all  persons  claiming  authority  to  pass. 

Persons  whose  sole  means  of  identification  is  the  coun- 
tersign, or  concerning  whose  authority  to  pass  there  is  a 
reasonable  doubt,  should  not  be  allowed  to  pass  without 
the  authority  of  the  corporal  of  the  guard  after  proper 
investigation;  the  corporal  will  take  to  his  next  superior 
any  case  that  he  himself  is  not  competent  to  decide. 

304.  A countersign  is  a word  given  daily  from  the 
principal  headquarters  of  a command  to  aid  guards  and 
sentinels  in  identifying  persons  who  may  be  authorized 
to  pass  at  night. 


COUNTERSIGNS  AND  PAROLES. 


57 


305.  It  is  given  to  such  persons  as  are  entitled  to 
pass  and  repass  sentinels’  posts  during  the  night,  and  to 
officers,  non-commissioned  officers,  and  sentinels  of  the 
guard. 

Privates  of  the  guard  will  not  use  the  countersign  ex- 
cept in  the  performance  of  their  duties  while  posted  as 
sentinels. 

306.  The  parole  is  a word  used  as  a check  on  the 
countersign  in  order  to  obtain  more  accurate  identifica- 
tion of  persons.  It  is  imparted  only  to  those  who  are 
entitled  to  inspect  guards  and  to  commanders  of  guards. 

The  parole,  or  countersign,  or  both,  are  sent  in  the 
form  of  an  order  to  each  person  entitled  thereto. 

When  the  commander  of  the  guard  demands  the 
parole  he  will  receive  it  as  the  corporal  receives  the 
countersign  (Par.  172). 

307.  The  countersign  is  usually  the  name  of  a battle; 
the  parole  that  of  a general  or  other  distinguished  person. 

30§.  When  they  cannot  be  communicated  daily,  a 
series  of  words  for  some  days  in  advance  may  be  sent 
to  the  posts  or  detachments  that  are  to  use  the  same 
parole  and  countersign  as  the  main  body. 

309.  If  the  countersign  be  lost,  or  if  a member  of 
the  guard  desert  with  it,  the  commander  on  the  spot 
will  substitute  another  for  it,  and  report  the  case  at 
once  to  the  proper  superior,  that  immediate  notice  may 
be  given  to  headquarters. 

310.  No  person  shall  make  known  the  countersign 
or  parole  to  any  person  not  entitled  to  receive  them. 
(See  44th  Article  of  War  and  Par.  217). 

311.  In  addition  to  the  countersign,  use  may  be  made 
of  preconcerted  signals,  such  as  striking  the  rifle  with 
the  hand,  or  striking  the  hands  together  a certain  num- 
ber of  times,  as  agreed  upon.  Such  signals  may  be  used 
by  the  guards  throughout  the  same  general  command 
or  by  those  guards  only  that  occupy  exposed  points. 

They  are  made  before  the  countersign  is  given,  and 


58 


MISCELLANEOUS, 


must  not  be  made  known  to  any  person  not  authorized 
to  know  the  countersign.  Their  use  is  intended  to  pre- 
vent the  surprise  of  a sentinel. 

312.  In  the  day  time,  signals,  such  as  raising  a cap 
or  a handkerchief  in  a prearranged  manner,  may  be- 
used  by  sentinels  to  communicate  with  the  guard  or 
with  each  other. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

313.  All  persons,  of  whatever  rank  in  the  service, 
are  required  to  observe  respect  toward  sentinels. 

314.  Any  person  entitled  to  compliment  from  a guard 
who  does  not  desire  to  have  the  guard  formed  for  him, 
will,  at  the  call  of  the  sentinel  at  the  guardhouse  desig- 
nating his  title,  salute  him,  and  if  near  enough  to  be 
heard  by  the  sentinel  will  say  “Never  mind  the  guard.’  ’ 

315.  A general  officer,  or  the  commander  of  a 
regiment,  post,  or  camp  may  visit  the  guards  of  his 
command  and  make  such  inspections  as  he  may  deem 
necessary.  At  night,  or  in  the  field,  he  takes  from  the 
main  foody  of  the  guard  an  escort,  if  necessary,  to  ac- 
company him  to  the  next  guard,  on  reaching  which  he 
orders  hack  his  escort,  and,  taking-  a new  one,  proceeds 
in  like  manner  to  other  guards. 

310.  The  sergeant  of  the  old  escort  will  march  it 
back  to  the  guard  to  which  it  belongs,  reporting  its 
return  to  the  commander  of  his  guard.  If  challenged 
while  returning  to  his  guard,  the  sergeant  will  answer 
“ Friends  with  the  countersign.” 

317.  All  material  instructions  given  to  a sentinel  by 
an  officer  having  authority  will  foe  promptly  communi- 
cated to  the  commander  of  the  guard  by  the  officer 
giving  them. 

318.  The  guard  will  not  be  paraded  during  cere- 
monies unless  so  ordered  by  the  commanding  officer. 

319.  A guard  may  be  turned  out  between  retreat  and 
reveille  by  direction  of  any  person  entitled  to  inspect  it. 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


59 


320.  From  reveille  until  retreat  is  the  interval  be- 
tween the  firing  of  the  morning  and  the  evening  gun;  or 
if  no  gun  be  fired,  it  is  the  interval  between  the  sounding 
of  the  first  note  of  the  reveille,  or  the  first  march,  if 
marches  be  played,  and  the  last  note  of  the  retreat. 

321.  Any  person  having  authority  to  inspect  a guard, 
and  who  wishes  to  do  so,  will,  after  its  commander  has  re- 
ported, direct  him  to  prepare  it  for  inspection,  stating 
in  what  manner. 

322.  The  adjutant,  sergeant  major,  first  sergeants, 
supernumeraries,  and  the  band  are  held  to  be  a portion 
of  the  guard  until  the  guard  has  passed  the  officer  of 
the  day  in  review.  The  review  over,  the  above 
mentioned  persons  cease  to  belong  to  the  guard. 

323.  The  commander  of  an  armed  party  should 
have  his  command  at  a carry  before  returning  the 
salute  of  a guard  or  sentinel,  and  until  he  has  passed 
six  paces  beyond  the  sentinel  or  his  post. 

324.  Answers  to  a sentinel’s  challenge  intended  to 
confuse  or  mislead  him  are  prohibited,  but  the  use  of 
such  an  answer  as  “ Friends  with  the  countersign  ” is  not 
to  be  understood  as  misleading,  but  is  the  usual  answer 
made  by  officers,  patrols,  etc.,  when  the  purpose  of 
their  visit  makes  it  desirable  that  their  official  capacity 
should  not  be  announced. 

325.  When  inspecting  sentinels,  questions  asked  of 
them  should  be  of  such  a character  as  to  ascertain  their 
knowledge  of  their  duties  and  surroundings,  without 
seeking  to  confuse  them. 

320.  Unless  necessity  therefore  exists,  no  person 
will  require  a sentinel  to  quit  his  piece,  eve  n to  allow 
it  to  be  inspected. 

327.  In  stacking  arms,  if  bayonets  are  fixed  they 
will  be  used  in  making  the  stacks. 

32§.  Officers  or  enlisted  men  passing  the  colors  will 
give  the  prescribed  salute. 

5 


60 


STABLE  SERGEANT  AND  STABLE  ORDERLY. 


Withno  arms  in  hand  the  salute  will  be  made  by  un- 
covering. If  the  colors  are  on  the  stacks,  the  salute 
will  be  made  on  crossing  the  color  line,  or  on  passing 
the  colors. 

329.  On  the  march,  the  camp  guard,  with  the  pris- 
oners, marches  in  rear  of  the  regiment,  or  in  advance 
with  the  camping  party. 

330.  When  the  camp  guard  marches  with  the  camp- 
ing party,  it  forms, on  reaching  the  camp,  on  the  ground 
marked  for  the  regiment.  The  commander  of  the  guard 
furnishes  the  sentinels  required  by  the  commander  of  the 
camping  party.  Sentinels  will  be  placed  over  the  stores 
of  provisions,  fuel,  and  forage  in  the  vicinity,  and  over 
the  water  when  it  is  necessary  to  prevent  waste  or  fouling. 

STABLE  SERGEANT  AND  STABLE  ORDERLY. 

(See  Drill  Regs.,  Cav.,  Pars.  995-1000  and  1106-1108.) 

331.  The  stables  of  cavalry  will  be  guarded  by  senti- 
nels posted  from  the  main  guard,  the  sub-divisions  of 
which  will  be  so  arranged  as  to  give  cavalry  soldiers  this 
duty,  under  the  contol  of  the  officer  of  the  day.  The 
post  commander  will  limit  the  number  of  sentinels  to  the 
least  compatible  with  the  protection  of  horses  and  prop  - 
erty. Habitually  one  sentinel  at  each  end  of  a row  of 
eight  or  less  troop  stables  will  be  ample  for  this  duty. 
If  less  than  three  troops  of  cavalry  are  stationed  at  a'  post, 
one  sentinel  will  be  posted  to  the  best  advantage  to  secure 
safety  of  horses  and  property.  A stable  orderly,  in  addi- 
tion to  the  stable  sergeant,  should  always  remain  in  the 
stable  at  night  within  easy  call  of  the  guard.  These 
special  details,  as  also  that  for  herd  guard  when  neces- 
sary, will  be  made  and  credited  to  the  cavalry  on  proper 
rosters.  (See  Pars.  30  and  31.) 

The  stable  sergeant  and  stable  orderly  are  detailed  for 
the  protection  of  all  public  and  private  property  in  and 


STABLE  SERGEANT  AND  STABLE  ORDERLY. 


61 


about  the  troop  stables,  and  for  the  enforcement  of 
special  regulations  relating  to  the  stables  and  horses. 

332,  The  stable  sergeant  will  receive  his  orders  from 
his  troop  commander.  He  will — 

1.  Instruct  the  stable  orderly  in  his  duties. 

2.  Exact  order  and  cleanliness  about  the  stables. 

3.  Prevent  the  introduction  of  intoxicants  into  the 
stable,  shops  and  tents  about  the  stables. 

4.  Allow  no  smoking  in  the  stable,  or  in  its  immedi- 
ate vicinity. 

5.  Allow  no  fire  nor  light  (other  than  the  stable  lan- 
terns) in  the  stable. 

6.  Take  charge  of  the  animals,  horse  equipments,  for- 
age and  all  property,  both  public  and  private,  in  and 
about  the  stable. 

7.  Examine  all  locks,  windows,  doors  and  gates,  and 
see  that  everything  is  secure  at  night. 

8.  See  that  the  lanterns  are  prepared  during  the  day 
for  lighting  at  night ; he  will  not  allow  them  to  be 
filled,  trimmed  or  lighted  in  the  stable. 

9.  Answer  to  the  call  of  the  sentinel  promptly. 

10.  Call  the  farrier  in  case  a horse  is  sick,  and  see 
that  the  case  is  properly  attended  to. 

11.  Report  any  unusual  occurrence  to  the  troop  com- 
mander. 

12.  Not  allow  horses  or  other  property  to  leave  the 
stables  without  the  written  order  of  the  post  or  troop 
commander,  with  the  following  exceptions  : 

a.  Officers’  private  property  is  subject  to  the  owners’ 
order. 

b.  Horses  authorized  for  mounted  duty  or  pass  may 
be  taken  out  on  a written  order  of  the  first  sergeant. 

c.  No  formal  order  will  be  required  for  horses  and 
equipments  to  leave  the  stable  at  established  hours  for 
ceremonies,  mounted  drill,  herding  and  watering  horses. 
The  stable  sergeant  must  be  present  to  satisfy  himself 


62 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 


that  the  horses,  etc.,  are  taken  out  solely  for  these  pur- 
poses. 

d.  The  troop  team  will  be  allowed  to  leave  the  stables 
in  the  daytime  (between  reveille  and  retreat)  when  the 
wagoner  reports  it  to  be  necessary. 

e.  The  horses  and  equipments  of  the  first  sergeants 
and  the  non-commissioned  officers  in  charge  of  the  sta- 
ble may  be  taken  out  by  their  riders  between  reveille 
and  retreat. 

333.  All  horses  returning  to  the  stables,  except  from 
a formation,  will  be  reported  to  the  stable  sergeant,  and 
he  will  see  that  they  are  properly  cared  for  ; in  case  of 
abuse  at  any  time,  he  will  promptly  report  the  fact  to 
the  troop  commander  if  the  horse  be  public  property ; 
to  the  owner,  if  private  property. 

334.  In  case  of  fire  at  the  stable,  the  stable  sergeant 
will  take  the  necessary  precautions  in  opening  or  closing 
the  doors  so  as  to  prevent  as  far  as  possible  the  spreading 
of  the  fire  and  make  it  possible  to  remove  the  horses. 
He  will  then,  assisted  by  all  the  available  men,  com- 
mence to  lead  out  the  horses,  and,  if  practicable,  secure 
them  at  the  picket  line  or  other  designated  place. 

335.  The  stable  sergeant  will,  when  it  is  necessary 
for  him  to  leave  the  stable  or  its  vicinity,  notify  the  sta- 
ble orderly,  who  is  his  assistant  in  the  performance  of 
the  duties  herein  prescribed,  and  in  his  absence  takes 
his  duties. 

336.  Men  employed  about  the  stables  will  receive 
orders  from  the  stable  sergeant  or,  in  his  absence,  from 
the  stable  orderly. 

337.  The  stable  orderly,  in  addition  to  the  stable  ser- 
geant, will  remain  in  or  near  the  stable  at  night,  within 
easy  call  of  the  sentinel,  and  in  the  day  time  the  stables 
will  never  be  without  at  least  one  man  in  charge  of  them. 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 


63 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 

(See  Par.  331  and  Drill  Regs.,  Cav.,  Pars.  995-1000  and 
1106-1108.) 

33§.  Troop  stable  guards  will  not  be  used  except  in 
the  field,  or  when  it  is  impracticable  to  guard  the  stables 
by  sentinels  from  the  main  guard. 

339.  Stable  guards  will  be  under  the  immediate  con- 
trol of  their  respective  troop  commanders  ; they  will  be 
posted  in  each  cavalry  stable,  and  will  consist  of  not  less 
than  one  non-commissioned  officer  and  three  privates. 

Stable  guards  are  for  the  protection  of  the  horses, 
stables,  forage,  equipments,  and  public  property  gener- 
ally. They  will  in  addition  enforce  the  special  regulations 
in  regard  to  stables  and  horses. 

340.  The  sentinels  of  stable  guards  will  be  posted  at 
the  stable,  or  at  the  picket  lines  when  the  horses  are  kept 
outside.  The  stable  guard  may  be  used  as  a herd  guard 
during  the  day  time  or  when  grazing  is  practicable. 

341.  The  stable  guard  will  be  mounted  with  the  post 
or  camp  guard,  and  when  mounted  will  be  armed  with 
the  carbine.  Immediately  after  guard  mounting  the 
carbines  will  be  returned  to  the  racks  in  the  troop  quar- 
ters, and  during  the  remainder  of  the  tour  (except  in  case 
of  emergency)  the  stable  guard  will  be  armed  with  the 
pistol. 

342.  The  commanding  officer  may  authorize  the  sta- 
ble guard  to  be  mounted  under  the  supervision  of  the 
troop  commander. 

343.  The  tour  continues  for  twenty-four  hours,  or 
until  properly  relieved  by  the  new  guard. 

344.  The  employment  of  stable  guards  for  police  and 
fatigue  duties  at  the  stables  is  forbidden  ; but  this  will 
not  prohibit  the  stable  guard  from  being  required  to  as- 
sist in  feeding  grain  before  reveille. 

345.  The  stable  guard  will  attend  stables  with  the 
rest  of  the  troop  and  groom  their  own  horses,  the  senti- 
nels being  taken  off  post  for  the  purpose.  They  will  wear 


64 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 


stable  frocks  while  grooming*,  belt  outside  the  frock ; 
after  grooming  they  take  off  their  stable  frocks,  and  the 
sentinel  is  again  posted. 

346.  Neither  the  non-commissioned  officer  nor  the 
members  of  the  stable  guard  will  absent  themselves  from 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  stables,  except  in  case  of 
urgent  necessity,  and  then  for  no  longer  time  than  is  ab- 
solutely necessary.  No  member  of  the  guard  will  leave 
for  anv  purpose  without  the  authority  of  the  non-com- 
missioned officer  of  the  guard. 

347.  The  non-commissioned  officer  and  one  member 
of  the  guard  will  go  for  meals  at  the  proper  hour  ; upon 
their  return  the  other  members  of  the  guard  will  be  di- 
rected to  go  by  the  non-commissioned  officer. 

348.  When  the  horses  are  herded,  each  troop  will 
furnish  its  own  herd  guard,  which  will  be  under  the  ex- 
clusive order  of  the  troop  commander.  (See  Par.  30.) 

349.  Smoking  in  stables  or  their  immediate  vicinity 
is  prohibited.  No  fire  nor  light,  other  than  the  stable 
lanterns,  will  be  permitted  in  the  stables. 

350.  Stable  guard  duty  in  the  field  will  be  performed 
upon  the  same  principles,  with  the  modifications  rendered 
necessary  by  the  change  of  conditions. 

Non-commissioned  officer  of  the  stable  guard. 

351 . The  non-commissioned  officer  receives  his  orders 
from  his  troop  commander,  to  whom  he  will  report  im- 
mediately after  posting  his  first  relief,  and  when  relieved 
will  turn  over  all  his  orders  to  his  successor.  He  instructs 
his  sentinels  in  their  general  and  special  duties;  exercises 
general  supervision  over  his  entire  guard;  exacts  order 
and  cleanliness  about  the  guardroom ; prevents  the  intro- 
duction of  intoxicants  into  the  guardhouse  or  stables;  re- 
ceives, by  count,  from  his  predecessor,  the  animals,  horse 
equipments,  and  all  property  (both  private  and  public) 
pertaining  thereto  ; examines,  before  relieving  his  pred- 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 


65 


ecessor,  all  locks,  windows  and  doors,  and  should  any  be 
found  insecure  he  will  report  the  fact  to  his  troop  com- 
mander when  he  reports  for  orders.  He  will  personally 
post  and  relieve  each  sentinel,  taking’  care  to  verify  the 
property  responsibility  of  the  sentinel  who  comes  off  post, 
and  see  that  the  sentinel  who  goes  on  post  is  aware  of 
the  property  responsibility  that  he  assumes. 

352.  That  the  non-commissioned  officer  may  be  more 
thoroughly  informed  of  .his  responsibility,  all  horses  re- 
turning, except  those  from  a regular  formation,  will  be 
reported  to  and  inspected  by  him.  He  will  then  notify 
the  sentinel  on  post,  and  see  that  the  horses  are  promptly 
cared  for.  In  case  of  abuse  he  will  promptly  report  to 
the  troop  commander.  Should  the  horse  be  the  private 
property  of  an  officer,  he  will  report  such  abuse  to  the 
owner. 

353.  The  non-commissioned  officer  will  report  any 
unusual  occurrence  during  his  tour  direct  to  his  troop 
commander. 

354.  Horses  and  other  property  for  which  the  non- 
commissioned officer  is  responsible  will  not  be  taken  from 
the  stables  without  the  order  of  the  post  or  troop  com- 
mander, with  the  exceptions  noted  in  paragraph  332. 

355.  The  non-commissioned  officer  will  have  exclu- 
sive control  of  the  lanterns,  and  will  see  that  they  are 
prepared  during  the  day  for  lighting  at  night. 

356.  The  lanterns  will  not  be  lighted,  filled  or  trim- 
med in  the  stables,  but  must  be  taken  to  the  guardroom, 
or  to  such  other  place  as  may  be  designated  by  the  troop 
commander  for  the  purpose. 

357.  The  non-commissioned  officer  must  answer  the 
sentinel’s  calls  promptly. 

35 §•  In  case  of  fire,  the  non-commissioned  officer  will 
see  that  the  requirements  of  Par.  365  are  promptly  car- 
ried out. 

350.  Whenever  it  becomes  necessary  for  the  non- 
commsisioned  officer  to  leave  his  guard  he  will  designate 


66 


TROOP  STABLE  GUARD. 


a member  of  it  to  take  charge,  and  assume  his  responsi- 
bility during  his  absence. 

Sentinel  of  Stable  Guard. 

360.  The  sentinel  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  will 
be  governed  by  the  regulations  for  sentinels  of  other 
guards  whenever  they  are  applicable;  such  as  courtesies 
to  officer,  walking  post  in  a soldierly  manner,  challeng- 
ing, etc. ; he  will  not  turn  out  the  guard  except  when  or- 
dered by  proper  authority. 

361.  The  sentinel  will  receive  orders  from  the  com- 
manding officer,  the  troop  commander,  and  the  non-com- 
missioned officers  of  the  stable  guard  onl}-. 

362.  The  sentinel  will  not  permit  any  horse  or  equip- 
ments to  be  taken  from  the  stables,  except  in  the  presence 
of  the  non-commissioned  officer. 

363.  Should  a horse  get  loose,  the  sentinel  will  catch 
him  and  tie  him  up.  If  lie  be  unable  to  catch  the  horse; 
the  non-commissioned  officer  will  at  once  be  notified.  In 
case  a horse  be  cast  or  in  any  way  entangled,  he  will  re- 
lieve him  if  possible;  if  unable  to  relieve  him  he  will  call 
the  non-commissioned  officer.  Sentinels  are  forbidden 
to  punish  or  maltreat  a horse. 

364.  When  a horse  is  taken  sick  the  sentinel  will  no- 
tify the  non-commissioned  officer,  who  in  turn  will  call 
the  farrier,  and  see  that  the  horse  is  properly  attended  to. 

365.  In  case  of  fire  the  sentinel  will  give  the  alarm 
by  stopping  outside  the  stable  and  firing  his  pistol  or 
piece  repeatedly,  calling  out  at  the  same  time  “ Firep 
stables , Troop  ( — ).” 

As  soon  as  the  guard  is  alarmed,  he  will  take  the  neces- 
sary precaution  in  opening  or  closing  the  doors  so  as  to 
prevent  the  spreading  of  the  fire  and  make  it  possible  to 
remove  the  horses;  he  will  drop  the  chains  and  bars,  and 
with  the  other  members  of  the  guard,  proceed  to  lead  out 
the  horses,  and  secure  them  at  the  picket  line  or  such 
other  place  as  may  have  been  previously  designated. 


POLICE  AND  FATIGUE  DUTY, 


67 


BATTERY  STABLE  AND  PARK  GUARD. 

(See  Lt.  Arty.  Drill  Regs.,  1023  and  1024,  and  1155-1165.) 

366.  The  pieces,  caissons,  etc.,  with  their  ammuni- 
tion and  stores,  as  well  as  the  horses,  harness  and  for- 
age, are  under  the  charge  of  a stable  and  park  guard, 
consisting  of  two  non-commissioned  officers  and  as 
many  privates  as  may  be  necessary. 

367.  This  guard  will  be  mounted  separately  for  each 
battery  and  will  be  under  the  exclusive  control  of  the 
battery  commander. 

368.  A lieutenant  of  the  battery  is  detailed  daily  or 
for  such  period  as  the  battery  commander  may  direct, 
as  battery  officer  of  the  day ; the  stable  and  park  guard  is 
under  his  immediate  orders  and  those  of  the  battery 
commander. 

369.  It  is  the  duty  of  this  guard  to  enforce  the  special 
regulations  in  regard  to  the  stables,  horses  and  park. 

370.  The  tour  continues  for  twenty-four  hours,  or 
until  properly  relieved  by  a new  guard. 

371.  The  sentinels  of  the  stable  and  park  guard  will 
be  posted  and  relieved  as  prescribed  in  Light  Artillery 
Drill  Regulations,  Par.  1023.  They  wear  the  saber  belt 
without  saber  when  on  post  at  the  stable  or  picket  line. 
They  are  forbidden  to  strike  or  otherwise  punish  horses. 

372.  The  sentinels  over  the  horses,  or  in  charge  of 
prisoners,  receive  orders  from  the  stable  sergeant  so  far 
as  the  exercise  of  his  duties  are  concerned. 

373.  The  guard,  non-commissioned  officers,  and  sen- 
tinels will  perform  their  duties  in  accordance  with  the 
rules  prescribed  for  the  troop  stable  guard. 

POLICE  AND  FATIGUE  DUTY. 

374.  Police  and  fatigue  duties  may  be  placed  under 
the  supervision  of  an  officer  detailed  for  the  purpose ; 
otherwise  they  are  under  the  supervision  of  the  officer  of 


68 


FLAGS  AND  COLORS. 


the  day.  The  officer  of  the  day,  or  the  officer  detailed 
for  the  purpose,  has  general  supervision,  under  the  or- 
ders of  the  commanding  officer,  of  all  police  and  fatigue 
duties  of  the  post  or  camp.  Fatigue  parties  will  be  fur- 
nished him  when  the  number  of  prisoners  is  insufficient 
for  the  necessary  police  purposes. 

375.  In  camp,  general  police  duty  is  usually  done  by 
the  old  guard,  under  the  direction  of  the  officer  of  the 
day.  The  tour  is  for  twenty-four  hours  beginning  with 
fatigue  call  in  the  morning  of  the  day  following  that  on 
which  the  guard  marches  off.  The  camp  having  been 
policed,  the  old  guard  is  dismissed. 

376.  General  police  duty  may,  at  the  discretion  of 
the  commanding  officer,  be  performed  by  fatigue  par- 
ties, or  by  prisoners,  if  there  be  enough  of  the  latter  for 
the  purpose. 

PROPERTY  UNDER  CHARGE  OF  THE  GUARD. 

377.  Articles  needed  for  strictly  post  or  police  pur- 
poses, such  as  flags,  spades,  shovels,  axes,  hatchets, 
pickaxes  and  brooms,  will  be  furnished  by  the  post 
quartermaster,  kept  at  the  guardhouse  and  daily  entered 
on  the  guard  report  and  receipted  for  by  the  successive 
commanders  of  the  guard,  or  officers  of  the  day. 

378.  Non-commissioned  officers  in  command  of 
guards  do  not  receipt  for  such  articles,  but  are  held  ac- 
countable to  the  officer  of  the  day  for  their  safe  keeping 
and  preservation  from  injury  other  than  fair  wear  and 
tear  in  service.  (See  Par.  59.) 

379.  In  case  of  loss,  destruction,  or  other  disposition 
of  any  of  these  articles,  the  facts  relating  thereto  will 
be  entered  on  the  guard  report. 

FLAGS  AND  COLORS. 

380.  The  Garrison  Flag  (86  x 20  feet)  is  furnished  only 
to  posts  designated  from  Headquarters  of  the  Army,  and 
will  be  hoisted  only  on  holidays  and  important  occasions. 


FLAGS  AND  COLORS. 


69 


The  Post  Flag  (20  x 10  feet)  is  furnished  to  all  posts 
garrisoned  by  troops,  and  will  be  hoisted  only  in  pleas- 
ant weather. 

The  Storm  Flag  (8  feet  x 4 f eet  2 inches)  is  furnished  to 
all  occupied  military  posts,  and  will  be  hoisted  in  stormy 
weather. 

Colors  and  standards  are  carried  by  troops. 

Each  regiment  of  artillery  and  infantry  has  two  silken 
colors,  the  national  and  the  regimental ; the  battalion  of 
engineers  has  two  colors,  the  national  and  the  battalion  ; 
these  are  6 feet  6 inches  fly  and  6 feet  on  the  pike. 

Each  mounted  regiment  has  a.  silken  standard  ; this  is 
4 feet  fly  and  3 feet  on  the  lance. 

381.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  commander  of  the  guard  to 
see  that  the  proper  flag  is  hoisted.  In  case  of  storm, 
either  of  wind  or  rain,  he  will  see  that  the  storm  flag  is 
promptly  raised. 

382.  The  flag  should  be  hoisted  at  reveille  and  low- 
ered at  retreat. 

The  national  flag  will  always  be  displayed  at  the  time 
of  firing  salutes.  (A.  R.  442,  1889.) 

383.  Under  no  circumstances  will  the  flag  of  a mili- 
tary post  be  dipped  by  way  of  salute  or  compliment.  (A. 
R.  456,  1889.) 

384.  On  the  death  of  an  officer  at  a military  post,  the 
flag  is  displayed  at  half-staff,  and  kept  so,  between  the 
hours  of  reveille  and  retreat,  until  the  last  salvo  or  volley 
is  fired  over  the  grave  ; or,  if  the  remains  are  not  interred 
at  the  post,  until  they  are  removed  therefrom.  (A.  R. 
470,  1889.) 

385.  During  the  funeral  of  an  enlisted  man,  the  flag 
is  displayed  at  half-staff.  It  is  hoisted  to  the  top  after 
the  final  volley  or  gun  is  fired,  or  after  the  remains  are 
taken  from  the  post.  (A.  R.  471,  1889.) 

380.  All  military  posts  in  sight  or  within  six  miles  of 
each  other,  display  their  flags  at  half-staff  upon  the  occa- 
sion of  either  one  doing  so.  The  same  rule  is  observed 
toward  vessels  of  war.  (A.  R.  472,  1889.) 


70 


REVEILLE  AND  RETREAT  GUN. 


387.  When  the  flag  is  displayed  at  half-staff,  it  is  low- 
ered to  that  position  from  the  top  of  the  staff.  It  is  after- 
ward hoisted  to  the  top  before  it  is  finally  lowered.  (A. 
R.  473,  1889.) 

388.  The  sentinel  at  the  guardhouse,  or  the  sentinel 
nearest  the  flag-staff,  will  report  at  once  to  the  corporal 
of  the  guard  any  danger  to  the  flag,  from  loosened  hal- 
yards, or  from  entanglement  with  either  halyards  or 
staff. 

389.  When  practicable,  a detail  consisting  of  a non- 
commissioned officer  and  two  privates  of  the  guard  will 
raise  or  lower  the  flag'.  This  detail  is  formed  in  line,  with 
side  arms,  or  if  the  special  equipments  do  not  include 
side  arms,  then  with  belts  only,  the  non  commissioned 
officer  carrying  the  flag,  in  the  center,  and  is  marched  to 
the  staff.  The  flag  is  then  securely  attached  to  the  hal- 
yards, and  if  at  reveille,  is  rapidly  hoisted  at  the  sound- 
ing of  the  first  note  of  the  reveille,  or  of  the  first  note  of 
the  march,  if  a march  be  played  before  the  reveille.  The 
halyards  are  then  securely  fastened  to  the  cleat  on  the 
staff. 

The  flag  should  always  be  hoisted  or  lowered  from  the 
leeward  side  of  the  staff,  and  the  halyards  should  be  held 
by  two  persons. 

390.  When  the  flag  is  to  be  lowered,  the  halyards  are 
loosened  from  the  staff  and  made  perfectly  free.  At  re- 
treat the  flag  is  lowered  at  the  sounding  of  the  last  note 
of  the  retreat.  It  is  then  neatly  folded,  and  the  halyards 
are  made  fast.  The  detail  is  then  re-formed  and  marched 
to  the  guardhouse,  where  the  flag  is  turned  over  to  the 
commander  of  the  guard. 

REVEILLE  AND  RETREAT  GUN. 

391.  The  morning  and  evening'  gun  will  be  fired  by 
a detachment  of  the  guard,  consisting,  when  practicable, 
of  a corporal  and  two  privates. 


REVEILLE  AND  RETREAT  GUN, 


71 


The  morning  gun  is  fired  at  the  first  note  of  reveille, 
or,  if  inarches  be  played  before  reveille,  it  is  fired  at  the 
commencement  of  the  first  march.  The  retreat  gun  is 
fired  at  the  last  note  of  retreat. 

The  corporal  marches  the  detachment  to  and  from  the 
piece,  and  the  piece  is  fired,  sponged  out,  and  secured 
under  his  direction. 


INDEX, 


Pars. 

Adjutant,  etc.,  part  of  guard  322 

Alarm,  by  sentinel .218,  365 

duties  of  officer  of  the  day  53 

fire  at  stables 334, 358,  365 

Alarms  53, 69,  70, 218 

Answers  to  sentinel’s  chal- 
lenge   324 

Arrest  of  disorderly  or  sus- 
picious characters 94 

of  enlisted  man  to  be  re- 
ported to  commander  . 279 

Arrests  by  corporal  or  senti- 
nels  121,175,176,209,237 

reported  by  sergeant  of 

the  guard 121 

Articles  conveyed  to  prison- 
ers  ' 130 

Articles  of  war  relating  to 

prisoners 274 

Articles  under  charge  of  the 

guard 377-379 

Assignments  to  reliefs  and 

posts 138, 141 

Authority  for  confinement  of 

prisoners 281 

to  pass  sentinels’  posts . . 47 

Battery,  stable  and  park 

guard 12,  366-373 

Bayonets  of  guard 104,  106,327 

Calls 87 

list  of 42 

Cavalry  sentinel,  challeng- 
ing, etc 207 

salute  by 242 

Ceremonies,  parading  guard . 318 

Challenging,  by  corporal  . . . 169 

by  sentinel 207,  215,  216 

hours  to  begin 42 

Charges  against  men  confined  280 
Civilians,  confinement  of  . .276, 277 
Classes  of  prisoners,  how  sep- 
arated   287 


Pars. 

Classification  of  duties  per- 
formed by  roster 3 

Clothing,  etc.,  of  men  on 

guard 91 

Color  line  and  sentinels. 42,  265-272 

Colors,  salutes  to 245,  254 

taken  from  stacks  119 

Commander  of  the  guard . 16, 62-108 

general  duties 62-66 

leaving  post 66,67 

may  divide  the  night  with 

next  in  command 68 

responsibility 65 

Commanding  officer, duties  of  42-48 
Compliments  from  guards,  76  80, 
252-260 

from  guards,  how  de- 
clined  314 

from  sentinels 242-251 

not  paid  by  guards  after 

retreat 260 

to  civil  officers,  etc 259 

Confinement  of  enlisted  men 

reported  to  commander 279 

of  non-commissioned  offi- 
cers   278, 279 

solitary,  and  on  bread  and 

water  diet 286 

Corporal  of  the  guard 138-176 

advancing  parties,  etc. . 172 

answering  sentinel’s  call . 159, 
161,162 

at  guardhouse 157-159 

challenging 169 

duties  with  reference  to 

sentinels 155, 156 

general  duties 138  140 

marching  relief. . .77, 144,  168, 
169,  174 

of  relief  on  post 155-176 

reports  violation  of  regu- 
lations....  160 


74 


INDEX. 


Pars. 

saluting  officers!^ 174 

to  call  his  own  relief. . .166, 167 

to  wake  successor 165 

turning  out  the  guard . . 170, 171 

Countersign  and  parade 303-312 

Countersign  communicated 
by  commander  and  corporal 

of  the  guard 89,  163 

if  not  used  229 

sentinel  not  to  divulge . . 217 

to  whom  given 305 

use  of,  determined 48 

Data  for  details 35,  38-41 

Detached  posts  46, 104 

Detachments,  how  prepared 

for  duty 13 

to  consist  of  entire  or- 
ganizations   15 

Detail  by  organization 14,  15 

of  company  for  guard. . . 15 

of  officer  of  the  day 20,  21 

of  officer  of  the  guard ...  20,  22 

Details  by  roster 2,  4,  9 

from  troops,  etc.,  fur- 
nishing stable  guards . 29 

made  at  headquarters  of 

post,  etc 18 

made,  published  and  post- 
ed by  first  sergeants. . . 35,  36 
proportioned  to" strength  28 

Dismissing  guard 106,127 

old  relief  149,153,154 

Division  of  guard  into  reliefs  104 
Drills,  prisoners  attending. . 287 

Duties  of  absentee,  by  whom 

taken  7 

Duties  performed  by  roster, 

how  classified 3 

when  credited 8 

Enlisted  men  bringing  food 

for  prisoners 291 

Equipment,  etc.,  of  soldiers 

detailed 11 

Escape,  prisoner  attempting.  297 
Escort  for  inspecting  officer.315, 316 
Exemption  of  old  guard  from 

duties 26 

Fatigue  and  police  duty 374-376 


Pars. 

Field  officer  of  the  day 21 

Field  officers,  detail  of  by 

roster 5 

Fire  or  disorder 218,  238 

Fires,  lights,  etc.,  at  stable. 332, 334, 
349,  358,  365 

First  sergeants  make  and 

publish  details,  how 35,  36 

First  sergeant’s  roster 37 

Flag,  detail  for  hoisting,  etc.  90 

Flags  and  colors 380-390 

Food  for  prisoners 290 

Formation  of  guard. 72,  73-75, 122, 

123 

General  officers,  personal 

guards 258 

General  orders  for  sentinels  .202, 203 
Guard  and  prisoners  on 

march 329,  330 

Guard,  at  station  of  more 

than  one  regiment 18 

composition,  etc 16,42  < 

detailed  at  every  post,  etc.  16,  17  , 

during  ceremonies 318  < 

forms  under  arms 72  , 

house,  non-commission- 
ed officer  at.  71, 114, 115, 181, 


157, 

159  . 

house,  no  one  to  enter. .. 

158 

mounting,  modified 

no  compliments  after  re- 

43 * 

5 

treat  

260 

of  different  arms 

104 

on  reaching  camp 

330  ; 

patrols 300-302 

presents  arms 252,  254-258  ’ 

relieved  every  twenty- 

four  hours 25,  42  ; 

report 60,61,92  l 

tents,  position  of 42  ; 

turned  out  after  retreat . . 319  1 

turns  out  for  armed  par-  l 

ties 255  t 

turns  out  for  colors 254  1 

turns  out  for  whom .....  252  } 

Herd  guard 30,  340,348 

Horses,  etc.,  taken  from  stable  354 
returned  to  stable 333  352 


INDEX. 


75 


Pars. 

Hours,  calling  of 164,  230,  231 

Inspecting  sentinels 325 

Inspection  of  guard.  .73,  81,  82,  321 

"of  guard  room,  etc 95 

of  meals  for  prisoners. . .98, 130 
of  reliefs,  patrols,  etc . . . 83 

of  sentinels,  etc 85 

who  make  visits  of 318 

Instructions  to  sentinels  re- 
ported   317 

Interval  between  tours  of 

guard,  privates 27 

Keys  of  guardroom  and  cells.129,131 

Lanterns  in  stable  356 

Light  batteries,  exemption  of 
officers  and  men  from  details  12 

Lists  of  guard 112 

reliefs 142 

Meals  for  prisoners,  inspec- 
tion of 130 

officer  of  the  guard 66 

prisoners 98,  290,  292 

Miscellaneous  313-330 

Morning  and  evening  gun . . . 391 

Musicians  of  the  guard.  . . 177-181 
Names  of  officers,  etc.,  how 
entered  on  rosters  ....  5 

Navy  and  Army,  relative  rank  253 
“ Never  mind  the  guard  ”...  314 

Night  orders 219-231,239-241 

“ Nights  in  bed  ” 27 

Non-commissioned  officers, 
arrest  or  confinement  of . . . 278 

commanding  guard 75,  78, 

109,  122 

guard 18 

stable  guard 351-359 

, Number  and  distribution  of 

I sentinels  44,  45 

Number  of  men  detailed  from 

each  company 40,  41 

j Officer  of  the  day  . . 15,  18,  21,  49-61 

at  guard  mounting 56 

at  inspections  and  mus- 
ters   55 

in  case  of  alarm 53 

inspects  guard  apd  senti- 
nels   59 


Pars. 

Officer  of  the  day— Continued, 
prescribes  visit  of  inspec- 
tion   51 

remarks  on  guard  report  60 

reporting  for  orders 42,  61 

subject  to  whose  orders.  54 

tour  of  duty  49 

Officer  or  non-commissioned 
officers  to  be  present  at 

guard  house 71 

Officers  entitled  to  compli- 
ments whether  in  uniform 

or  not 249 

exempt  from  guard  duty  23 

of  different  rank,  how 

advanced 173 

of  guard 15,  18,  22 

remaining  on  or  near  sen- 
tinel’s post 250 

“ Old  guard  privileges  ” 26 

Old  guard  turns  out  for  new . 256 

Open  chambers 82 

Orderlies 104 

Orderly  for  commanding  offi- 
cer, etc 182-192 

Order  of  duties  by  roster ...  6,  10 

rank  of  persons  advanced 

by  sentinel 226 

Orders  in  case  of  fire  or  dis- 
order   218 

publication  of  court-mar- 
tial   282,283 

sentinels  except  at  post 

of  guard 218-231 

sentinels  at  post  of 

guard  232-241 

sentinels  on  post 201-217 

sentinels  on  post,  spe- 
cial   261-264 

sentinels  posted , where . . 86 

to  corporal  of  the  guard  . 139 

to  men  employed  at  sta- 
bles   336 

transmitted  by  com- 
mander of  old  guard  . . 105 

transmitted  by  old  to 
new  officer  of  the  day . 56 

transmitted  by  sentinels. 146, 155 


6 


76 


INDEX, 


Pars. 

Park  and  stable  guards  of 

light  batteries 12,  366-373 

Parole  and  countersign,  how 

furnished E2 

Paroles  and  countersigns. . .-303-312 

Passes 92,120 

Passing  persons  out  of  camp  93 

Patrols 300-302 

Personal  guard  of  general 

officers 258 

Persons  apprehended  in  In- 
dian country 275 

Police  and  fatigue  duty 374-376 

Policing  guardhouse,  etc. . .116, 117 
Posting  of  sentinels’  orders . 86 

reliefs 143-148,150-152 

reliefs  in  detachments. . . 136 

Post  of  sentinel,  limits,  etc., 

of 262 

Post  or  camp  guard  16, 17,  28 

Precedence  of  duty  by  roster.  6,  10 

Prisoners 274  296 

attempting  to  escape. . .297, 299 

at  work 298 

authority  for  confine- 
ment of 281 

awaiting  trial,  etc 287 

civilians,  etc.,  how  ra- 
tioned   277 

confinement  of 93 

custody  of 128 

food  for 290 

in  irons 95 

leaving  guardhouse 293 

meals  inspected 98,  130 

not  to  salute 296 

on  being  received 93 

on  march 329 

paraded  for  sentence  . 282 

paraded  with  guard.131-134, 295 

property  of 288 

received  from  old  guard . 101 

release  of 58,  99 

required  to  bathe,  etc . . . 289 

searched 93 

security  of 100 

separation  of  classes 287 

sick . . 294 


Pars. 

Prisoners— Continued. 

statement  of  offence 280 

under  sentinels 297 

verification  of 57, 135 

working  hours  for 292 

Privates  of  the  guard 193-200 

Property,  guardhouse. 50, 105,  111, 
377-379 

of  prisoners 288 

Publication  of  court-martial 

orders  282,283 

details  of  officers  of  the 

day  and  guard 24 

Questioning  sentinels 325 

Rank,  Army  and  Navy  offi- 
cers   253 

Receipting  for  property  at 

guardhouse 59,  105,  377,  378 

Receiving  prisoners  from  old 

guard  101 

Record  for  guard  details  kept 

by  sergeant-major 38, 39 

Release  of  prisoners  at  guard 

mounting  58,  99 

Relief  called 165-167 

“ Relief  ” for  sentinel 211 

Reliefs,  assignment  of  cor- 
porals and  privates  . .138, 141, 197 

dismissing 149, 153, 154 

division  of  guard  into. . . 104 

lists  of  142 

posting  of 143-148,  150  152 

posted  in  detachments. . . 136 

Relieving  detachments  of 

guard 107 

sentinels  84,  105,  214 

Remarks  on  guard  report  ...  42,  60 
Removing  clothing,  etc., 

while  on  guard 91 

Respect  toward  sentinels 313 

Reveille  and  retreat  gun 391 

“ Reveille  till  retreat  ” de- 
fined   320 

Reporting  guard  73-75 

Report  of  commander  of  the 

guard 60,  61,  92 

Report  of  sergeant  of  the 
guard 124 


INDEX, 


77 


Pars. 

.Responsibility  for  prisoners.  100, 128 
property  under  charge  of 
guard. . . .59,  105,  111,  377-379 
Retreat,  no  compliments  by 

guard  after 260 

Roll  call  of  guard 125,  126 

Rosters 1-41 

by  whom  kept 19 

Rule  for  sentinel’s  salute 245 

Salute  by  commander  of 

armed  party 323 

by  corporal 174 

from  guard 102, 103 

individual. 243 

of  line  of  sentinels 243 

of  sentinel 242,  245 

on  approach  of  troops  .246,  247 

simultaneous 243 

to  colors 328 

Saluting  distance  : 244 

Sentences  of  prisoners,  exe- 
cution of 96 

Sentence  to  confinement  com- 
mences   284,  285 

Sentinel  advancing  persons 

at  night 222-226 

after  recognizing  an  offi- 
cer at  night 228 

arrests  by 209 

assigned  to  post ...  141 

at  guardhouse 232-241 

before  permitting  persons 

to  pass ‘ 221 

calling  corporal 212 

calling  for  relief 211 

calling  the  hours 230,  231 

compliments  from 242-251 

how  relieved 214 

identifying  persons 221 

in  case  of  fire  or  dis- 
order  218,238 

if  prisoner  attemps  to  es- 
cape   297 

in  communication  with 

officer 251 

in  sentry  box 205 

not  to  allow  himself  to 
be  surprised 227 


Pars. 

Sentinel— Continued . 

not  to  quit  his  piece . . . .208,  326 

of  stable  guard 340,360-365 

on  approach  of  any 

party  246,  247 

on  approach  of  armed 

party  of  guard 246 

on  approach  of  officer, 

etc.,  of  guard 248 

on  approach  of  persons 

at  night 222-224 

over  prisoners  at  work  .297-299 
permitting  persons  or 

party  to  approach 219, 222 

position  of  rifle 204 

reports  occurrences  ....  210 

returning  prisoners  to 

guardhouse 299 

Sentinel’s  challenge 215,  216 

Sentinels,  distribution  of 44 

instructions  to  reported.  317 

number  and  location 42,  45 

over  working  parties 97 

taking  post 145-147 

to  be  relieved  every  two 

hours 84 

transmit  orders 213 

turning  out  the  guard.  .232-236 

walk  post,  how 204 

when  allowed  to  stand 

on  post 206 

when  countersign  is  not 

used  229 

when  officers  remain  on 

or  near  post 250 

while  calling,  etc 207 

will  not  divulge  counter- 
sign   217 

Sentry  boxes  205 

Sergeant-majors’  record  for 

guard  details . 38,  39 

Sergeant  of  the  guard 109-137 

at  1st  sergeants’  call 118 

general  duties 109,  110,  113 

leaving  guardhouse 114 

reports  arrests,  etc 121 

Sergeants  assigned  to  reliefs  137 
Sickness  of  member  of  guard  88 


78 


INDEX. 


Pars. 

Signals,  use  of  in  addition 

to  countersign,  etc 311,  312 

Solitary  confinemnt,  etc 288 

Sounding  calls 87 

Special  orders  for  color  sen- 
tinels   272 

of  sentinels 261-264 

relatiug  to  prisoners  for 
sentinel  at  guardhouse  298 

Stable  and  park  guard,  bat- 
tery  12,  368-373 

Stable  duty  in  the  field 350 

Stable  guard,  credit  for,  on 

guard  roster 29 

members  going  to  meals  347 

control  of 339 

how  mounted,  etc 341,  342 

stable  duty  of 344,  345 

to  remain  at  stable 346 

troop 338-365 

use  of  for  police,  etc 344 

when  to  be  used 338 

Stable  sergeant  and  stable 
orderly .31,  331-337 

o 


Pars. 

Stables,  how  guarded 331,  340 

Stacking  arms,  with  bayo- 
nets   327 

Standards,  salutes  to ; 245,  254 

Statement  of  offense 280 

Supernumeraries . 32,  33,  34,  273,  322 
Supernumerary  officer  of  the 

guard 22,  108 

Supervision  of  corporals. . .113,  115 
Suspicious  characters,  arrest 

of  94 

Tour  of  guard,  stable 343 

Transmission  of  orders  by 
commander  of  the  guard . . 105 

by  old  officer  of  the 

day 56 

by  sentinels. . .146,  155,  212,  214 

Troop  stable  guard 338-365 

Uniform  and  equipment  of 

guard 42 

Verification  of  prisoners 57,  135 

Visits  of  inspection  pre- 
scribed by  officer  of  the  day  51 
Working  hours  of  prisoners.  292 


THE  BEST  SHORT,  COMPREHENSIVE  ACCOUNT 
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National  Guard 

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CRITICAL  ACCOUNT  BY  COL.  T.  A.  DODGE,  U.  S.  A , 
WHICH  IS  INCLUDED  IN 

The  United  States  of 
★ A merica,  ★ 

EDITED  BY  NATHANIEL  S.  SHALER,  S.  D., 

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